Alam R, Welter J, Forsythe P A, Lett-Brown M A, Rankin J A, Boyars M, Grant J A
Division of Allergy Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Mar;141(3):666-71. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/141.3.666.
Histamine releasing factors (HRF) are a group of cytokines that cause degranulation of basophils and mast cells. Recently we have described a histamine release inhibitory factor (HRIF) that inhibits HRF-induced histamine release from basophils and mast cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of these cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from normal subjects. We found that BAL fluids from 12 to 17 volunteers contained a dialyzable (molecular weight cutoff 3500) factor that inhibited basophil histamine release by HRF, anti-IgE, concanavalin A, and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). In addition, BAL fluids from 83% of the tested donors contained a nondialyzable inhibitor that blocked HRF-induced histamine release from basophils. The molecular weight of this inhibitor was estimated to be 20 to 30 and 8 to 10 kD by Sephadex G-50 chromatography and TSK 2000 size-exclusion HPLC. None of the unconcentrated BAL fluids showed any HRF activity on initial screening using basophils from allergic subjects. However, when the BAL fluids were concentrated, all BAL samples that were tested (N = 10) demonstrated significant HRF activity. The molecular weight of BAL HRF has been estimated to be in the range of 15 to 25 kD by size-exclusion HPLC, similar to the HRF synthesized by mononuclear cells. Thus we have demonstrated the presence of both HRF and HRIF in the BAL fluids. We speculate that these cytokines may be involved in the local regulation of basophil and mast cell activation.
组胺释放因子（HRF）是一类可导致嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞脱颗粒的细胞因子。最近我们描述了一种组胺释放抑制因子（HRIF），它能抑制HRF诱导的嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞释放组胺。本研究的目的是调查正常受试者支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）液中这些细胞因子的存在情况。我们发现，12至17名志愿者的BAL液中含有一种可透析的（分子量截留值为3500）因子，该因子可抑制HRF、抗IgE、伴刀豆球蛋白A和N-甲酰甲硫氨酰亮氨酰苯丙氨酸（FMLP）诱导的嗜碱性粒细胞组胺释放。此外，83%的受试供体的BAL液中含有一种不可透析的抑制剂，可阻断HRF诱导的嗜碱性粒细胞组胺释放。通过Sephadex G-50柱色谱法和TSK 2000尺寸排阻高效液相色谱法估计，该抑制剂的分子量分别为20至30 kD和8至10 kD。在使用过敏受试者的嗜碱性粒细胞进行初步筛选时，未浓缩的BAL液均未显示出任何HRF活性。然而，当BAL液浓缩后，所有测试的BAL样本（N = 10）均表现出显著的HRF活性。通过尺寸排阻高效液相色谱法估计，BAL HRF的分子量在15至25 kD范围内，与单核细胞合成的HRF相似。因此，我们证明了BAL液中同时存在HRF和HRIF。我们推测这些细胞因子可能参与嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞活化的局部调节。
