Kearns Michael, Suri Siddharth, Montfort Nick
University of Pennsylvania, Department of Computer and Information Science, 3330 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Science. 2006 Aug 11;313(5788):824-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1127207.
Theoretical work suggests that structural properties of naturally occurring networks are important in shaping behavior and dynamics. However, the relationships between structure and behavior are difficult to establish through empirical studies, because the networks in such studies are typically fixed. We studied networks of human subjects attempting to solve the graph or network coloring problem, which models settings in which it is desirable to distinguish one's behavior from that of one's network neighbors. Networks generated by preferential attachment made solving the coloring problem more difficult than did networks based on cyclical structures, and "small worlds" networks were easier still. We also showed that providing more information can have opposite effects on performance, depending on network structure.
理论研究表明，自然形成的网络的结构特性对于塑造行为和动态变化至关重要。然而，结构与行为之间的关系很难通过实证研究来确立，因为此类研究中的网络通常是固定不变的。我们研究了试图解决图或网络着色问题的人类受试者网络，该问题模拟了需要将自己的行为与网络邻居的行为区分开来的情境。通过优先连接生成的网络比基于循环结构的网络更难解决着色问题，而“小世界”网络则更容易解决。我们还表明，根据网络结构的不同，提供更多信息可能会对性能产生相反的影响。
