Miller Kimberly
Pulmonary and Critical Care Consultants of Austin, LLP, Texas, USA.
J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2006 Aug;18(8):368-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00148.x.
To review the epidemiology and disease characteristics of the bipolar disorder (BD) spectrum, render an accurate and timely diagnosis, and review treatment options through provider and patient collaboration.
Comprehensive review of current scientific literature derived from electronic databases and professional medical references.
BD is a multifactorial disease that can interfere with cognition and behavior, causing a severe impact on patients and families. The variable course and often delayed diagnosis of this disorder can cause frustration for the patient and the healthcare provider. Because most undiagnosed patients with BD seek treatment within the primary care setting, it is imperative that clinicians become expert in the recognition of and intervention for this condition.
The primary care provider is in a key position to render early diagnosis and treatment of BD. This disease should always be considered as part of the differential diagnosis for depression or anxiety. Nurse practitioners can be effective providers by using good nursing practices of communication, education, and advocacy for the patient and family. Knowledge of current diagnostic criteria and management is imperative for successful treatment of patients with BD.
回顾双相情感障碍（BD）谱系的流行病学和疾病特征，做出准确及时的诊断，并通过医护人员与患者的协作来评估治疗方案。
对来自电子数据库和专业医学参考文献的当前科学文献进行全面综述。
双相情感障碍是一种多因素疾病，可干扰认知和行为，对患者及其家庭造成严重影响。这种疾病病程多变且诊断往往延迟，会让患者和医护人员感到沮丧。由于大多数未被诊断出患有双相情感障碍的患者在初级保健机构寻求治疗，临床医生必须成为识别和干预这种疾病的专家。
初级保健提供者在双相情感障碍的早期诊断和治疗中处于关键地位。这种疾病应始终被视为抑郁症或焦虑症鉴别诊断的一部分。执业护士通过运用良好的护理沟通、教育及为患者和家庭提供支持的实践，能够成为有效的医护人员。了解当前的诊断标准和管理方法对于成功治疗双相情感障碍患者至关重要。
