Kendall Melissa M, Liu Yitai, Boone David R
Biology Department, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2006 Sep;262(1):107-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00380.x.
Two anaerobic, psychrotolerant, syntrophic strains were enriched from permanently cold, shallow anoxic marine sediments in Skan Bay, Alaska. One strain, AK-B(T), oxidized butyrate syntrophically and was isolated in defined coculture with a H(2)-using methanogen or in a dixenic coculture that also contained an acetate-scavenging methanogen. The other enrichment culture syntrophically oxidized propionate. The growth of these syntrophic cultures was very slow: approximately 1 year for cocultures of strain AK-B(T) to form colonies and >1 year for the propionate-oxidizing enrichment to form colonies. Neither culture grew axenically when supplied with the catabolic substrates crotonate, pyruvate, malate, or sulfate plus butyrate or propionate. Strain AK-B(T) catabolized iso-butyrate in syntrophic coculture but did not catabolize valerate or caproate. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequence suggested that strain AK-B(T) was only distantly related to cultivated sulfate-reducing bacteria, and that this strain represented a new genus. We propose Algorimarina butyrica, with strain AK-B(T) (=OCM 842(T)), as the type strain. This report is the first description of psychrotolerant as well as marine butyrate--and propionate-oxidizing syntrophic organisms.
从阿拉斯加斯坎湾永久寒冷、浅层缺氧的海洋沉积物中富集到两株厌氧、耐冷、互营菌株。其中一株AK-B(T)菌株以互营方式氧化丁酸盐，与利用氢气的产甲烷菌在限定的共培养体系中分离得到，或在也含有清除乙酸盐的产甲烷菌的双菌共培养体系中分离得到。另一富集培养物以互营方式氧化丙酸盐。这些互营培养物的生长非常缓慢：菌株AK-B(T)的共培养物形成菌落大约需要1年时间，而氧化丙酸盐的富集培养物形成菌落则需要1年以上时间。当提供分解代谢底物巴豆酸盐、丙酮酸、苹果酸盐或硫酸盐加丁酸盐或丙酸盐时，两种培养物均不能在无菌条件下生长。AK-B(T)菌株在互营共培养体系中能分解异丁酸盐，但不能分解戊酸盐或己酸盐。对16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析表明，AK-B(T)菌株与已培养的硫酸盐还原菌只有远缘关系，且该菌株代表一个新属。我们提议将Algorimarina butyrica及菌株AK-B(T)(=OCM 842(T))作为模式菌株。本报告首次描述了耐冷以及海洋丁酸盐和丙酸盐氧化互营生物。
