Garrett Amy S, Maddock Richard J
Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, CA 94305-5795, USA.
Neuroimage. 2006 Oct 15;33(1):263-74. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.05.024. Epub 2006 Sep 5.
fMRI was used to dissociate neural responses temporally associated with the subjective experience of emotion from those associated with the perception of emotion-inducing stimuli in order to better define the emotion-related functions of the amygdala, lateral orbital frontal cortex (OFC), and hippocampus. Subjects viewed aversive pictures followed by an extended post-stimulus period of sustained subjective emotion. Brain regions showing activation paralleling the period of sustained subjective emotion were distinguished from those showing activation limited to the period of aversive picture presentation. Behavioral results showed that subjective ratings of emotion remained elevated for 20 s after offset of the aversive pictures. fMRI results showed that viewing aversive pictures activated the amygdala, lateral OFC, and hippocampus. Subjective emotion (present both during and after aversive pictures) was temporally associated with activation in the right lateral OFC and left hippocampus but not the amygdala. Ratings of subjective emotion were correlated with activation in the right lateral OFC and left hippocampus. The results support direct amygdala involvement in emotion perception but suggest that amygdala activation is not temporally associated with subjective emotion that occurs after the offset of emotion-related stimuli. The results are consistent with a general role for the lateral OFC in monitoring or reflecting on internal experience and show that hippocampal activation is sustained during a period of subjective emotion, possibly related to enhanced memory encoding for the aversive pictures.
功能磁共振成像（fMRI）被用于在时间上区分与情绪主观体验相关的神经反应和与诱发情绪刺激的感知相关的神经反应，以便更好地界定杏仁核、外侧眶额皮质（OFC）和海马体的情绪相关功能。受试者观看厌恶图片，随后是刺激后持续主观情绪的延长阶段。将与持续主观情绪阶段平行激活的脑区与那些仅在厌恶图片呈现阶段激活的脑区区分开来。行为结果表明，厌恶图片消失后，情绪的主观评分在20秒内仍保持升高。fMRI结果显示，观看厌恶图片会激活杏仁核、外侧OFC和海马体。主观情绪（在厌恶图片呈现期间和之后均存在）在时间上与右侧外侧OFC和左侧海马体的激活相关，但与杏仁核无关。主观情绪评分与右侧外侧OFC和左侧海马体的激活相关。结果支持杏仁核直接参与情绪感知，但表明杏仁核激活在时间上与情绪相关刺激消失后出现的主观情绪无关。结果与外侧OFC在监测或反思内部体验中的一般作用一致，并表明在主观情绪期间海马体激活持续存在，这可能与对厌恶图片的记忆编码增强有关。
