Leigh J Paul, Waehrer Geetha, Miller Ted R, McCurdy Stephen A
Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care and Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95817, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2006 Oct;49(10):845-53. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20374.
Little is known about cost differences for demographic groups or across occupational injuries and illnesses.
In this incidence study of nationwide data for 1993, an analysis was conducted on fatal and non-fatal injury and illness data recorded in government data sets. Costs data were from workers' compensation records, estimates of lost wages, and jury awards.
The youngest (age < or = 17) and oldest (age > or = 65) workers had exceptionally high fatality costs. Whereas men's costs for non-fatal incidents were nearly double those for women, men's costs for fatal injuries were 10 times the costs for women. The highest ranking occupation for combined fatal and non-fatal costs--farming, forestry, and fishing--had costs-per-worker (5,163 US dollars) over 18 times the lowest ranking occupation-executives and managers (279 US dollars). The occupation of handlers, cleaners, and laborers, ranked highest for non-fatal costs. Gunshot wounds generated especially high fatal costs. Compared to whites, African-Americans had a lower percentage of costs due to carpal tunnel syndrome, circulatory, and digestive diseases.
Costs comparisons can be drawn across age, race, gender, and occupational groups as well as categories of injuries and illnesses.
对于不同人口群体之间或职业伤害与疾病的成本差异，人们了解甚少。
在这项对1993年全国数据的发病率研究中，对政府数据集中记录的致命和非致命伤害与疾病数据进行了分析。成本数据来自工人赔偿记录、工资损失估计和陪审团裁决。
最年轻（年龄≤17岁）和最年长（年龄≥65岁）的工人的致命成本异常高。虽然男性非致命事故的成本几乎是女性的两倍，但男性致命伤害的成本却是女性的10倍。综合致命和非致命成本最高的职业——农业、林业和渔业——人均成本（5163美元）是排名最低的职业——行政人员和经理（279美元）的18倍多。搬运工、清洁工和体力劳动者职业的非致命成本最高。枪伤导致的致命成本特别高。与白人相比，非裔美国人因腕管综合征、循环系统和消化系统疾病产生的成本比例较低。
可以对年龄、种族、性别和职业群体以及伤害和疾病类别进行成本比较。
