Zhang Yu, Berger Alexandra, Milne Craig D, Paige Christopher J
Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100083, The People's Republic of China.
Curr Drug Targets. 2006 Aug;7(8):1011-20. doi: 10.2174/138945006778019363.
Until recently, the mammalian tachykinins included substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B. Following the discovery of the fourth member of this family, hemokinin 1, a diverse group of novel tachykinins and tachykinin gene-related peptides have been identified in mammals. These newly identified members are preferentially expressed in peripheral tissues. Currently, the impact of these new tachykinin peptides on the immune system remains unclear. Some data imply an important role for hemokinin 1 in the generation of lymphocytes. Tachykinins are traditionally viewed as neuropeptides with well-defined functions as neurotransmitters. Many studies however, indicate that they may also be produced by non-neuronal cells, and exert profound influence on inflammatory responses by affecting multiple aspects of immune cell function. It is of great importance to determine whether the new tachykinin peptides have similar effects. A more detailed understanding of the interactions between tachykinins and immune cells may provide the basis for the development of new therapies for inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases.
直到最近，哺乳动物速激肽还包括P物质、神经激肽A和神经激肽B。在发现该家族的第四个成员——血激肽1之后，在哺乳动物中又鉴定出了一组多样的新型速激肽和速激肽基因相关肽。这些新鉴定出的成员优先在外周组织中表达。目前，这些新的速激肽肽对免疫系统的影响仍不清楚。一些数据表明血激肽1在淋巴细胞生成中起重要作用。传统上，速激肽被视为具有明确神经递质功能的神经肽。然而，许多研究表明它们也可能由非神经元细胞产生，并通过影响免疫细胞功能的多个方面对炎症反应产生深远影响。确定新的速激肽肽是否有类似作用非常重要。更详细地了解速激肽与免疫细胞之间的相互作用可能为开发针对炎症和免疫介导疾病的新疗法提供基础。
