院前及转运医学中的呼气末二氧化碳监测：综述
End tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in prehospital and retrieval medicine: a review.
作者信息
Donald M J, Paterson B
机构信息
Accident and Emergency Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD19SY UK.
出版信息
Emerg Med J. 2006 Sep;23(9):728-30. doi: 10.1136/emj.2006.037184.
Abstract
End tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring is the non-invasive measurement of exhaled CO2. The Intensive Care Society guidelines include (ETCO2) monitoring as one of the objective standards required for monitoring patients in transport, and the American Heart Association recommends that all intubations must be confirmed by some form of ETCO2 measurement. The physiological principles and technology underlying ETCO2 measurement and the clinical indication for its use in the prehospital environment are reviewed. ETCO2 monitoring has been widely established in the prehospital environment and is of particular use for verification of endotracheal tube placement. It is non-invasive and easy to apply to breathing circuits. The units now available are compact and rugged, with extended battery operating times, which are ideally suited for prehospital use and should be considered as an essential item for advanced airway management.
摘要
呼气末二氧化碳（ETCO2）监测是对呼出二氧化碳的无创测量。重症监护协会指南将（ETCO2）监测列为转运患者监测所需的客观标准之一，美国心脏协会建议所有插管必须通过某种形式的ETCO2测量来确认。本文回顾了ETCO2测量的生理原理和技术及其在院前环境中的临床应用指征。ETCO2监测已在院前环境中广泛应用，尤其用于气管插管位置的确认。它是非侵入性的，易于应用于呼吸回路。现在可用的设备紧凑耐用，电池续航时间长，非常适合院前使用，应被视为高级气道管理的必备物品。
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