Vaanholt Lobke M, Garland Theodore, Daan Serge, Visser G Henk
Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands.
J Comp Physiol B. 2007 Jan;177(1):109-18. doi: 10.1007/s00360-006-0113-8. Epub 2006 Aug 24.
Interrelationships between ambient temperature, activity, and energy metabolism were explored in mice that had been selectively bred for high spontaneous wheel-running activity and their random-bred controls. Animals were exposed to three different ambient temperatures (10, 20 and 30 degrees C) and wheel-running activity and metabolic rate were measured simultaneously. Wheel-running activity was decreased at low ambient temperatures in all animals and was increased in selected animals compared to controls at 20 and 30 degrees C. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and daily energy expenditure (DEE) decreased with increasing ambient temperature. RMR did not differ between control and selected mice, but mass-specific DEE was increased in selected mice. The cost of activity (measured as the slope of the relationship between metabolic rate and running speed) was similar at all ambient temperatures and in control and selected mice. Heat generated by running apparently did not substitute for heat necessary for thermoregulation. The overall estimate of running costs was 1.2 kJ/km for control mice and selected mice.
在经过选择性培育具有高自发转轮活动能力的小鼠及其随机繁殖的对照小鼠中，研究了环境温度、活动与能量代谢之间的相互关系。将动物暴露于三种不同的环境温度（10、20和30摄氏度）下，同时测量转轮活动和代谢率。在所有动物中，低环境温度下转轮活动减少，在20和30摄氏度时，与对照相比，选择的动物转轮活动增加。静息代谢率（RMR）和每日能量消耗（DEE）随环境温度升高而降低。对照小鼠和选择小鼠的RMR没有差异，但选择小鼠的质量特异性DEE增加。在所有环境温度下以及对照小鼠和选择小鼠中，活动成本（以代谢率与跑步速度之间关系的斜率衡量）相似。跑步产生的热量显然不能替代体温调节所需的热量。对照小鼠和选择小鼠的跑步成本总体估计为1.2 kJ/km。
