Pfeiler E, Bitler B G, Ramsey J M, Palacios-Cardiel C, Markow T A
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), A.C., Unidad Guaymas, Apartado Postal 284, Guaymas, Sonora C.P. 85480, Mexico.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2006 Oct;41(1):209-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.07.001. Epub 2006 Jul 18.
Nucleotide and amino acid sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene segments were used to gain insights into the population biology and phylogenetic relationships of two species of hematophagous kissing bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the Sonoran Desert of northwestern Mexico and southern Arizona, USA, Triatoma rubida (Uhler, 1894) and T. recurva (Stål, 1868), both of which are vectors of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi responsible for Chagas' disease. Analysis of molecular variance of gene sequences indicated significant structure among populations of both species from widely separated geographic localities. Phylogenetic analyses of gene and amino acid sequences employing both Bayesian and parsimony methods showed that T. recurva clustered within the phyllosoma complex of Triatoma species from central and southern Mexico with high statistical support, and that it was closely related to T. longipennis. Triatoma dimidiata also was shown to be closely related to the phyllosoma complex, as was T. sanguisuga which has historically been assigned to the lecticularia complex. Analyses of gene sequences were unable to confidently resolve relationships of T. rubida, although weak support for a T. nitida+T. rubida clade was seen under certain conditions. A provisional calibration of a mitochondrial DNA molecular clock for T. rubida, based on geological dates for the vicariant separation of the Baja California peninsula from mainland Mexico, suggested that pairwise sequence divergences for the Cytb and COI genes were 1.1-1.8% and 0.6-1.0% per million years, respectively. Two highly supported sympatric lineages of T. rubida uhleri from southern Arizona, which are hypothesized to have diverged approximately 550,000-900,000 years ago, were detected in the Cytb gene trees.
利用线粒体细胞色素b（Cytb）和细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I（COI）基因片段的核苷酸和氨基酸序列数据，来深入了解来自墨西哥西北部和美国亚利桑那州南部索诺兰沙漠的两种吸血锥蝽（半翅目：猎蝽科：锥蝽亚科）的种群生物学和系统发育关系，这两种锥蝽分别是红带锥蝽（Uhler，1894）和弯锥蝽（Stål，1868），它们都是导致恰加斯病的原生动物寄生虫克氏锥虫的传播媒介。基因序列的分子方差分析表明，来自广泛分离的地理区域的两个物种种群之间存在显著结构。采用贝叶斯法和简约法对基因和氨基酸序列进行的系统发育分析表明，弯锥蝽在来自墨西哥中部和南部的锥蝽叶体复合体中聚类，具有较高的统计支持，并且它与长翅锥蝽密切相关。也显示出二色锥蝽与叶体复合体密切相关，历史上被归为细足锥蝽复合体的美洲锥蝽也是如此。基因序列分析无法确定地解析红带锥蝽的关系，尽管在某些条件下观察到对光亮锥蝽 + 红带锥蝽分支有微弱支持。基于下加利福尼亚半岛与墨西哥大陆的 vicariant 分离的地质年代，对红带锥蝽的线粒体DNA分子钟进行的初步校准表明，Cytb和COI基因的成对序列分歧分别为每百万年1.1 - 1.8%和0.6 - 1.0%。在Cytb基因树中检测到来自亚利桑那州南部的两个得到高度支持的红带锥蝽乌勒亚种同域谱系，据推测它们大约在55万 - 90万年前分化。
