Letavayová Lucia, Vlcková Viera, Brozmanová Jela
Laboratory of Molecular Genetic, Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 833 91 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Toxicology. 2006 Oct 3;227(1-2):1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.07.017. Epub 2006 Jul 25.
Selenium (Se) is a dietary essential trace element with important biological roles. Accumulating evidence indicates that Se compounds possess anticancer properties. Se is specifically incorporated into proteins in the form of selenocysteine and non-specifically incorporated as selenomethionine in place of methionine. The effects of Se compounds on cells are strictly compositional and concentration-dependent. At supranutritional dietary levels, Se can prevent the development of many types of cancer. At higher concentrations, Se compounds can be either cytotoxic or possibly carcinogenic. The cytotoxicity of Se is suggested to be associated with oxidative stress. Accordingly, sodium selenite, an inorganic Se compound, was reported to induce DNA damage, particularly DNA strand breaks and base damage. In this review we summarize the various activities of Se compounds and focus on their relation to DNA damage and repair. We discuss the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for identification of the genes involved in Se toxicity and resistance.
硒（Se）是一种膳食必需微量元素，具有重要的生物学作用。越来越多的证据表明，硒化合物具有抗癌特性。硒以硒代半胱氨酸的形式特异性地掺入蛋白质中，并以硒代蛋氨酸替代蛋氨酸的形式非特异性地掺入。硒化合物对细胞的作用严格取决于其组成和浓度。在超营养膳食水平下，硒可以预防多种癌症的发生。在较高浓度下，硒化合物可能具有细胞毒性或潜在致癌性。硒的细胞毒性被认为与氧化应激有关。因此，据报道，无机硒化合物亚硒酸钠会诱导DNA损伤，尤其是DNA链断裂和碱基损伤。在这篇综述中，我们总结了硒化合物的各种活性，并重点关注它们与DNA损伤和修复的关系。我们讨论了利用酿酒酵母来鉴定参与硒毒性和抗性的基因。
