Mouren-Siméoni M C, Bouvard M P
Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris.
Encephale. 1990 Mar-Apr;16(2):133-41.
The purpose of this article is to summarize those main indications where neuroleptics have been proven efficient in children. In some types of pathology (hyperactivity, conduct disorders, mental retardation with agressiveness...), their impact is purely symptomatic, generally sedative. In other cases (Tourette's syndrome, stuttering) they seem to have a more specific effect. Whichever may be the case, neuroleptics seem to be irremplaceable, whenever the symptoms become incapacitating such as when they hinder the person's social functioning and learning abilities. On a practical level, one has to avoid "poorly justified" prescriptions, including low-dose prescriptions. In children and adolescents, therapy cannot be considered for one angle only: the administration of neuroleptics has to be integrated into a general treatment plan which involves other therapeutic approaches which are not mutually exclusive.
本文的目的是总结已证实抗精神病药物对儿童有效的那些主要适应症。在某些类型的病症（多动、品行障碍、伴有攻击性的智力迟钝……）中，它们的作用纯粹是对症的，通常是镇静作用。在其他情况下（抽动秽语综合征、口吃），它们似乎有更特定的效果。无论哪种情况，只要症状使人丧失能力，例如当它们妨碍人的社交功能和学习能力时，抗精神病药物似乎都是不可替代的。在实际层面上，必须避免“理由不充分”的处方，包括低剂量处方。对于儿童和青少年，不能仅从一个角度考虑治疗：抗精神病药物的给药必须纳入一个综合其他治疗方法的总体治疗计划，这些治疗方法并非相互排斥。
