do Amaral Fábio M Franco, Ramos Patrícia G de A, Ferreira Sandra Roberta G
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP.
Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2006 Jun;50(3):515-22. doi: 10.1590/s0004-27302006000300015.
Subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more prone to certain disturbances of oral cavity but there are controversies concerning caries. This cross-sectional study investigated the frequency of caries and associated factors, in a sample of population with or without type 1 DM, including non-diabetic (53 women, 31 men) and 30 diabetic subjects (19 women, 11 men) aged 17-28 years. Diagnosis of dental caries was based on the DMF-T index (D= decay; M= miss; F= fill; T= teeth); in addition, a plaque control record (PCR) was obtained. A preponderance of female sex was found within the groups studied but such proportions did not differ when comparing diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Mean ages were 21.0 +/- 2.2 and 19.5+/-1.8 years, respectively for subjects without and with DM (p< 0.05). Education level was higher in the non-diabetic group as well as the DMF-T index (10.5 +/-5.8 vs. 6.7+/-5.7, p< 0.01). Linear regression analysis (n= 114) showed significant associations of DMF-T with age, sucrose intake, daily frequency of tooth brushing, of dental floss use, PCR and of visits to the dentist. By ANOVA model with age as a covariate the non-diabetic condition (p= 0.047), sucrose index and PCR (r(2)= 0.820) were independently associated with the DMF-T. In the diabetic-specific model, with only the diabetic subjects included and sucrose index as a covariate, DM duration, fundus abnormality and PCR were significantly associated with the presence of caries (r(2)= 0.816). The sample of type 1 diabetic subjects suggest that they are less prone to caries than non-diabetics, despite having a higher frequency of meals, less tooth brushing and dental floss use. We speculate that DM duration may contribute to the occurrence of caries and restricted sucrose consumption to lower frequency of caries in diabetic subjects.
糖尿病（DM）患者更容易出现某些口腔问题，但关于龋齿的情况存在争议。这项横断面研究调查了17至28岁的1型糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者样本中龋齿的发生频率及相关因素，其中非糖尿病组有53名女性和31名男性，糖尿病组有30名患者（19名女性和11名男性）。龋齿的诊断基于DMF - T指数（D = 龋坏；M = 缺失；F = 充填；T = 牙齿）；此外，还获取了菌斑控制记录（PCR）。在所研究的组中发现女性占多数，但在比较糖尿病组和非糖尿病组时，这种比例没有差异。非糖尿病组和糖尿病组的平均年龄分别为21.0±2.2岁和19.5±1.8岁（p < 0.05）。非糖尿病组的教育水平以及DMF - T指数更高（10.5±5.8对6.7±5.7，p < 0.01）。线性回归分析（n = 114）显示，DMF - T与年龄、蔗糖摄入量、每日刷牙频率、使用牙线情况、PCR以及看牙医的次数存在显著关联。在以年龄作为协变量的方差分析模型中，非糖尿病状态（p = 0.047）、蔗糖指数和PCR（r² = 0.820）与DMF - T独立相关。在仅纳入糖尿病患者且以蔗糖指数作为协变量的糖尿病特异性模型中，糖尿病病程、眼底异常和PCR与龋齿的发生显著相关（r² = 0.816）。1型糖尿病患者样本表明，尽管他们用餐频率更高、刷牙和使用牙线的次数更少，但他们患龋齿的倾向低于非糖尿病患者。我们推测，糖尿病病程可能导致龋齿的发生，而限制蔗糖摄入可降低糖尿病患者的龋齿发生频率。
