蜘蛛能轻松穿过瓶颈：对负面刺激的视觉工作记忆。
Spiders crawl easily through the bottleneck: visual working memory for negative stimuli.
作者信息
Reinecke Andrea, Rinck Mike, Becker Eni S
机构信息
Dresden University of Technology, General Psychology, Dresden, Germany.
出版信息
Emotion. 2006 Aug;6(3):438-49. doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.6.3.438.
The special status of spiders in the attentional bottleneck and visual working memory (VWM) was studied. 23 spider-fearfuls (SF) and 23 non-anxious controls (NACs) participated in a serial VWM-task. Each trial showed a 4 x 4 matrix of images and 5 of these were subsequently cued for 150 ms each. Afterwards, one of the 16 displayed images was hidden and probed. The spider image was included in the string of 5 cued images, among the 11 uncued items, or not at all. For both groups, memory was better for cued spiders than for other cued items. SFs also showed improved memory for uncued spiders. The relevance of the results for theories of attention and cognitive models of phobias are discussed.
研究了蜘蛛在注意力瓶颈和视觉工作记忆（VWM）中的特殊地位。23名蜘蛛恐惧症患者（SF）和23名非焦虑对照组（NAC）参与了一项连续VWM任务。每次试验展示一个4×4的图像矩阵，其中5个随后每次被提示150毫秒。之后，16个显示的图像中的一个被隐藏并进行探测。蜘蛛图像要么包含在5个被提示的图像序列中，要么在11个未被提示的项目中，要么根本不出现。对于两组来说，对被提示的蜘蛛的记忆比对其他被提示的项目的记忆更好。蜘蛛恐惧症患者对未被提示的蜘蛛也表现出更好的记忆。讨论了这些结果与注意力理论和恐惧症认知模型的相关性。
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