Hoga Koji, Ae Michiyoshi, Enomoto Yasushi, Yokozawa Toshiharu, Fujii Norihisa
Aomori Prefectural Institute for Sports Sciences, Aomori-City, Japan.
Sports Biomech. 2006 Jul;5(2):167-82. doi: 10.1080/14763140608522872.
This study analyzed the joint torque and the mechanical energy flow in the support legs of skilled male race walkers. Twelve race walkers were videotaped using a high-speed camera at a frame rate of 250 Hz set perpendicular to the sagittal plane of motion; their ground reaction forces were measured with two force platforms. A two-dimensional, 14-segment, linked model was used to calculate the kinetics of the support leg joints. In the initial part of the support phase, the mechanical energy flowed into the thigh and shank by the torque of the large hip extensors and knee flexors. In the middle part, the mechanical energy generated by the torque of the large plantar flexors flowed to the foot and from the foot to the shank by the ankle joint force. The mechanical energy flow by the forward joint force of the support hip was significantly related to the walking speed in the final part of the support phase. Our findings suggest that race walkers in the final part of the support phase should exert the torque of the knee extensors and hip flexors to transfer the mechanical energy more effectively to the support thigh and shank.
本研究分析了熟练男性竞走运动员支撑腿的关节扭矩和机械能流动情况。使用高速摄像机以250Hz的帧率垂直于矢状运动平面拍摄了12名竞走运动员；用两个测力平台测量了他们的地面反作用力。采用二维14节段链接模型来计算支撑腿关节的动力学。在支撑阶段的初始部分，机械能通过大臀伸肌和屈膝肌的扭矩流入大腿和小腿。在中间部分，大跖屈肌扭矩产生的机械能流向足部，并通过踝关节力从足部流向小腿。支撑髋部向前关节力产生的机械能流动在支撑阶段的最后部分与步行速度显著相关。我们的研究结果表明，竞走运动员在支撑阶段的最后部分应发挥膝伸肌和髋屈肌的扭矩，以便更有效地将机械能传递到支撑大腿和小腿。
