Verhaak C M, Smeenk J M J, Evers A W M, Kremer J A M, Kraaimaat F W, Braat D D M
Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Hum Reprod Update. 2007 Jan-Feb;13(1):27-36. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dml040. Epub 2006 Aug 29.
This review provides an overview of how women adjust emotionally to the various phases of IVF treatment in terms of anxiety, depression or general distress before, during and after different treatment cycles. A systematic scrutiny of the literature yielded 706 articles that paid attention to emotional aspects of IVF treatment of which 27 investigated the women's emotional adjustment with standardized measures in relation to norm or control groups. Most studies involved concurrent comparisons between women in different treatment phases and different types of control groups. The findings indicated that women starting IVF were only slightly different emotionally from the norm groups. Unsuccessful treatment raised the women's levels of negative emotions, which continued after consecutive unsuccessful cycles. In general, most women proved to adjust well to unsuccessful IVF, although a considerable group showed subclinical emotional problems. When IVF resulted in pregnancy, the negative emotions disappeared, indicating that treatment-induced stress is considerably related to threats of failure. The concurrent research reviewed, should now be underpinned by longitudinal studies to provide more information about women's long-term emotional adjustment to unsuccessful IVF and about indicators of risk factors for problematic emotional adjustment after unsuccessful treatment, to foster focused psychological support for women at risk.
本综述概述了女性在体外受精（IVF）治疗的不同阶段，即在不同治疗周期之前、期间和之后，如何在焦虑、抑郁或一般痛苦方面在情绪上进行调整。对文献的系统审查产生了706篇关注IVF治疗情绪方面的文章，其中27篇使用标准化测量方法研究了女性相对于正常或对照组的情绪调整情况。大多数研究涉及不同治疗阶段的女性与不同类型对照组之间的同期比较。研究结果表明，开始进行IVF治疗的女性在情绪上与正常组仅有轻微差异。治疗失败会提高女性的负面情绪水平，在连续治疗失败后这种情绪仍会持续。总体而言，大多数女性被证明能够很好地适应IVF治疗失败，尽管有相当一部分女性表现出亚临床情绪问题。当IVF治疗成功受孕时，负面情绪消失，这表明治疗引起的压力与失败的威胁密切相关。现有的同期研究应以纵向研究为基础，以提供更多关于女性对IVF治疗失败的长期情绪调整以及治疗失败后情绪调整出现问题的风险因素指标的信息，从而为有风险的女性提供有针对性的心理支持。
