Gottlieb Daniel J, Redline Susan, Nieto F Javier, Baldwin Carol M, Newman Anne B, Resnick Helaine E, Punjabi Naresh M
The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany Street, R-304, Boston, MA 02118-2394, USA.
Sleep. 2006 Aug;29(8):1009-14. doi: 10.1093/sleep/29.8.1009.
Limited experimental data suggest that sleep restriction acutely elevates blood pressure; however, little is known about the relationship between usual sleep duration and hypertension. This study assesses the relationship between usual sleep duration and hypertension in a community-based cohort.
Cross-sectional observational study.
The Sleep Heart Health Study, a community-based prospective study of the cardiovascular consequences of sleep-disordered breathing.
Two thousand eight hundred thirteen men and 3097 women, aged 40 to 100 years.
None.
Usual weekday and weekend sleep durations were obtained by questionnaire, and their weighted average were categorized as less than 6, 6 to less than 7, 7 to less than 8, 8 to less than 9, and 9 or more hours per night. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or greater, a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater, or use of medication to treat hypertension. The relationship between sleep duration and hypertension was examined using categorical logistic regression with adjustment for age, sex, race, apnea-hypopnea index, and body mass index. Compared to subjects sleeping 7 to less than 8 hours per night, those sleeping less than 6 and between 6 and 7 hours per night had adjusted odds ratios for hypertension of 1.66 (95% confidence interval 1.35-2.04) and 1.19 (1.02-1.39), respectively, whereas those sleeping between 8 and 9 and 9 or more hours per night had adjusted odds ratios for hypertension of 1.19 (1.04-1.37) and 1.30 (1.04-1.62), respectively (p < .0001 for association of sleep duration with hypertension). These associations persisted when analyses were further adjusted for caffeine and alcohol consumption, current smoking, insomnia symptoms, depression symptoms, sleep efficiency, and prevalent diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular disease.
Usual sleep duration above or below the median of 7 to less than 8 hours per night is associated with an increased prevalence of hypertension, particularly at the extreme of less than 6 hours per night.
有限的实验数据表明，睡眠限制会使血压急剧升高；然而，对于通常睡眠时间与高血压之间的关系却知之甚少。本研究评估了一个社区队列中通常睡眠时间与高血压之间的关系。
横断面观察性研究。
睡眠心脏健康研究，一项关于睡眠呼吸紊乱对心血管影响的社区前瞻性研究。
2813名男性和3097名女性，年龄在40至100岁之间。
无。
通过问卷调查获取平日和周末的通常睡眠时间，并将其加权平均值分为每晚少于6小时、6至少于7小时、7至少于8小时、8至少于9小时以及9小时或更长时间。高血压定义为收缩压140毫米汞柱或更高、舒张压90毫米汞柱或更高，或使用药物治疗高血压。采用分类逻辑回归分析睡眠时间与高血压之间的关系，并对年龄、性别、种族、呼吸暂停低通气指数和体重指数进行调整。与每晚睡眠7至少于8小时的受试者相比，每晚睡眠少于6小时和6至7小时的受试者患高血压的调整后比值比分别为1.66（95%置信区间1.35 - 2.04）和1.19（1.02 - 1.39），而每晚睡眠8至9小时和9小时或更长时间的受试者患高血压的调整后比值比分别为1.19（1.04 - 1.37）和1.30（1.04 - 1.62）（睡眠时间与高血压的关联p <.0001）。当进一步对咖啡因和酒精摄入量、当前吸烟情况、失眠症状、抑郁症状、睡眠效率以及糖尿病或心血管疾病患病率进行分析调整时，这些关联仍然存在。
通常睡眠时间高于或低于每晚7至少于8小时的中位数与高血压患病率增加相关，尤其是在每晚少于6小时的极端情况下。
