Schüz Benjamin, Sniehotta Falko F, Schwarzer Ralf
Department of Health Psychology (PF 10), Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
Health Educ Res. 2007 Jun;22(3):332-41. doi: 10.1093/her/cyl084. Epub 2006 Aug 31.
Health behavior interventions may have different effects when targeting individuals at different stages of change. A 'motivation' stage, during which intentions are formed, has been distinguished from a 'volition' stage, implying that the latter requires self-regulatory effort in implementing and maintaining behavior. To test this stage assumption, an action control intervention (self-monitoring tool for dental flossing) matched to the volition stage and mismatched to the motivation stage was provided to 151 university students, with follow-up measures of action control and flossing after 2 and 6 weeks. Separate regression analyses for motivational and volitional participants indicated that only volitional participants benefited from the volitional intervention. This supports the usefulness of stage assumptions and the advantage of tailoring interventions to participants who reside either in the motivational or in the volitional stage.
健康行为干预针对处于不同改变阶段的个体时可能会产生不同的效果。已将形成意图的“动机”阶段与“意志”阶段区分开来，这意味着后者在实施和维持行为时需要自我调节努力。为了检验这一阶段假设，对151名大学生提供了与意志阶段匹配但与动机阶段不匹配的行动控制干预（牙线使用自我监测工具），并在2周和6周后对行动控制和牙线使用情况进行了随访测量。对处于动机阶段和意志阶段的参与者分别进行回归分析表明，只有处于意志阶段的参与者从意志干预中受益。这支持了阶段假设的有用性以及针对处于动机阶段或意志阶段的参与者量身定制干预措施的优势。
