Maxwell Sarz, Bigg Dan, Stanczykiewicz Karen, Carlberg-Racich Suzanne
Chicago Recovery Alliance, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Addict Dis. 2006;25(3):89-96. doi: 10.1300/J069v25n03_11.
Heroin overdose deaths have increased alarmingly in Chicago over the past decade. Naloxone, an opioid antagonist with no abuse potential, has been used to reverse opiate overdose in emergency medical settings for decades. We describe here a program to educate opiate users in the prevention of opiate overdose and its reversal with intramuscular naloxone. Participant education and naloxone prescription are accomplished within a large comprehensive harm reduction program network. Since institution of the program in January 2001, more than 3,500 10 ml (0.4 mg/ml) vials of naloxone have been prescribed and 319 reports of peer reversals received. The Medical Examiner of Cook County reported a steady increase in heroin overdose deaths since 1991, with a four-fold increase between 1996 and 2000. This trend reversed in 2001, with a 20% decrease in 2001 and 10% decreases in 2002 and 2003.
在过去十年中，芝加哥海洛因过量致死人数急剧增加。纳洛酮是一种无滥用潜力的阿片类拮抗剂，几十年来一直在紧急医疗环境中用于逆转阿片类药物过量。我们在此描述一项计划，旨在教育阿片类药物使用者预防阿片类药物过量以及如何通过肌肉注射纳洛酮进行逆转。参与者教育和纳洛酮处方是在一个大型综合减少伤害计划网络内完成的。自2001年1月该计划实施以来，已开出超过3500瓶10毫升（0.4毫克/毫升）的纳洛酮，并收到319例同伴逆转报告。库克县验尸官报告称，自1991年以来，海洛因过量致死人数稳步上升，1996年至2000年间增加了四倍。这一趋势在2001年发生逆转，2001年下降了20%，2002年和2003年下降了10%。
