Baxter Joanne, Kokaua Jesse, Wells J Elisabeth, McGee Magnus A, Oakley Browne Mark A
Ngai Tahu Māori Health Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2006 Oct;40(10):905-13. doi: 10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01910.x.
To compare ethnic groups for the 12 month prevalence of mental disorders and 12 month treatment contact in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey.
Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey, undertaken in 2003 and 2004, was a nationally representative face-to-face household survey of 12,992 New Zealand adults aged 16 years and over, including Māori (n = 2595), Pacific people (n = 2236) and a composite Other ethnic group (predominantly European) (n = 8161). Ethnicity was measured using the 2001 census ethnicity question. A fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0) was used to measure disorder. The overall response rate was 73.3%.
The 12 month prevalence of any mental disorder was highest in Māori (29.5%; 26.6, 32.4), followed by Pacific people (24.4%; 21.2, 27.6) and Others (19.3%; 18.0, 20.6). Adjustment for age, sex, education and household income reduced differences: Māori (23.9%; 21.3, 26.4), Pacific (19.2%; 16.4, 22.1) and Other (20.3%; 18.9, 21.6). A similar pattern was seen for serious disorder and most individual disorders or disorder groups. After adjustment, Māori were most different from Pacific people and Others for substance use disorder. Both Māori and Pacific people had a higher prevalence of bipolar disorder than Others. Pacific people had the lowest prevalence of major depressive disorder. Among those with disorder, the proportion with a visit for mental health problems to any service was highest among Others (41.1%; 38.1, 44.1), with Māori (32.5%; 28.3, 36.7) intermediate and Pacific (25.4%, 19.4, 31.4) lowest. Adjustment did not alter ethnic differences in service contact.
Māori, and to a lesser extent Pacific people, have a higher prevalence of 12 month mental disorders than Others. Differences are reduced after adjusting for sociodemographic correlates. Relative to need, Pacific people in particular and Māori are less likely than Others to have contact with services (health or non-health), regardless of sociodemographic circumstances.
在“蒂劳希内加罗：新西兰心理健康调查”中，比较不同种族群体12个月内精神障碍的患病率以及12个月内接受治疗的情况。
“蒂劳希内加罗：新西兰心理健康调查”于2003年和2004年开展，是一项具有全国代表性的面对面家庭调查，对象为12992名16岁及以上的新西兰成年人，其中包括毛利人（n = 2595）、太平洋岛民（n = 2236）以及一个混合的其他种族群体（主要是欧洲人）（n = 8161）。种族划分采用2001年人口普查的种族问题。使用一种完全结构化的诊断访谈工具，即世界卫生组织世界心理健康调查倡议版的综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI 3.0）来测量精神障碍。总体应答率为73.3%。
任何精神障碍的12个月患病率在毛利人中最高（29.5%；26.6，32.4），其次是太平洋岛民（24.4%；21.2，27.6），其他种族群体最低（19.3%；18.0，20.6）。对年龄、性别、教育程度和家庭收入进行调整后，差异有所减小：毛利人（23.9%；21.3，26.4）、太平洋岛民（19.2%；16.4，22.1）和其他种族群体（20.3%；18.9，21.6）。严重精神障碍以及大多数个体精神障碍或障碍类别呈现出类似模式。调整后，毛利人与太平洋岛民和其他种族群体在物质使用障碍方面差异最大。毛利人和太平洋岛民的双相情感障碍患病率均高于其他种族群体。太平洋岛民的重度抑郁症患病率最低。在患有精神障碍的人群中，因心理健康问题前往任何服务机构就诊的比例在其他种族群体中最高（41.1%；38.1，44.1），毛利人处于中间水平（32.5%；28.3，36.7），太平洋岛民最低（25.4%，19.4，31.4）。调整并未改变种族在接受服务方面的差异。
毛利人以及程度稍轻的太平洋岛民，12个月内精神障碍的患病率高于其他种族群体。在对社会人口统计学相关因素进行调整后，差异减小。相对于需求而言，尤其是太平洋岛民和毛利人，无论社会人口统计学情况如何，他们比其他种族群体更不太可能与服务机构（医疗或非医疗）有接触。
