Vargas Melo A, Vallejo M C
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas.
Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 1990 Mar;108(3):220-8.
Studies carried out in various countries have determined the presence of organochlorine insecticides in human and cow's milk. To quantify this contamination in Colombia, the concentrations of these insecticides were measured in 170 samples of milk from lactating mothers in Bogotá (105 samples) and three agricultural areas where fumigation is done frequently (65 samples). Also, for purposes of comparison, the study included 75 samples of fresh cow's milk, 10 samples of pasteurized milk, and 10 samples of whole powdered milk. In all the samples of human or cow's milk, high concentrations of total DDT were found. In some samples there were also appreciable amounts of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and other insecticides not included in the study. The samples of cow's milk contained lower concentrations of sufficient total DDT. In a comparison of the means, the samples of human milk showed contamination several times greater than the cow's milk. The pasteurized and powdered milk had lower levels of contamination. The average amount of total DDT in the samples of human milk (0.075 ppm, or micrograms/ml) far exceeded the DDT contamination limit established for milk by FAO/WHO (0.050 ppm). However, there was a wide range in the levels found (the lowest being 0.002, and the highest, 0.680), which means that in some of the samples the concentrations of total DDT were more than 10 times greater than the maximum set by FAO/WHO while in many other cases they were close to the recommended limit.
在各个国家开展的研究已确定人体乳汁和牛奶中存在有机氯杀虫剂。为了量化哥伦比亚的这种污染情况，对波哥大170名哺乳期母亲的乳汁样本（105份）以及三个经常进行熏蒸作业的农业地区的乳汁样本（65份）中的这些杀虫剂浓度进行了测量。此外，为作比较，该研究纳入了75份新鲜牛奶样本、10份巴氏杀菌牛奶样本和10份全脂奶粉样本。在所有人体乳汁或牛奶样本中，均发现了高浓度的总滴滴涕。在一些样本中还存在可观数量的六氯环己烷（六六六）以及该研究未涵盖的其他杀虫剂。牛奶样本中总滴滴涕的浓度较低。通过均值比较发现，人体乳汁样本的污染程度比牛奶高出数倍。巴氏杀菌牛奶和奶粉的污染水平较低。人体乳汁样本中总滴滴涕的平均含量（0.075 ppm，即微克/毫升）远远超过了粮农组织/世界卫生组织为牛奶设定的滴滴涕污染限值（0.050 ppm）。然而，所发现的含量范围很广（最低为0.002，最高为0.680），这意味着在一些样本中，总滴滴涕的浓度比粮农组织/世界卫生组织设定的最大值高出1 ** 倍以上，而在许多其他情况下，它们接近推荐限值。
