Grotmol Tom, Weiderpass Elisabete, Tretli Steinar
Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2006;21(8):561-70. doi: 10.1007/s10654-006-9036-7. Epub 2006 Sep 13.
There is increasing recognition that conditions in utero are of importance for later cancer risk in several organs, particularly the testis and breast. A review of the most recent literature on this topic is therefore warranted. The PubMed database was searched for relevant recent literature on intrauterine conditions associated with cancer risk later in life, with particular emphasis on the testis, breast, but also studies pertaining to other organs were included. Epidemiological and experimental data support the hypothesis that factors acting in utero play a role in the development of cancer in the testis and breast. For other organs, such as the prostate, urinary system and colorectum, the results are inconclusive. While conditions during foetal life are associated with later cancer risk in the testis and breast, the biological mechanisms are for the most part elusive. They are, however, likely to involve hormonal disturbances, number of cells at risk, and genetic or epigenetic events.
人们越来越认识到，子宫内环境对多个器官（尤其是睾丸和乳腺）日后的癌症风险具有重要影响。因此，有必要对关于这一主题的最新文献进行综述。我们在PubMed数据库中搜索了近期有关与日后癌症风险相关的子宫内环境的文献，特别着重于睾丸和乳腺，不过也纳入了与其他器官相关的研究。流行病学和实验数据支持这样的假说，即子宫内起作用的因素在睾丸和乳腺癌症的发生发展中发挥作用。对于其他器官，如前列腺、泌尿系统和结肠直肠，结果尚无定论。虽然胎儿期的环境与睾丸和乳腺日后的癌症风险相关，但生物学机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。然而，它们可能涉及激素紊乱、处于风险中的细胞数量以及遗传或表观遗传事件。
