Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
J Anim Sci. 2011 Apr;89(4):951-8. doi: 10.2527/jas.2010-2872. Epub 2010 Dec 10.
Blood sample and carcass trait data were collected from 841 and 3,219 fattening animals of an F(1) cross between Japanese Black sires and Holstein dams, respectively. Data on serum vitamin A and total cholesterol concentrations containing 582 to 739 records at 4 stages of beef-fattening production were used to estimate variance components and heritabilities for the 2 traits, based on fattening periods: less than 13 mo of age (stage 1), 14 to 18 mo of age (stage 2), 19 to 21 mo of age (stage 3), and greater than 22 mo of age (stage 4). Furthermore, the genetic correlations of serum vitamin A and total cholesterol concentrations with beef marbling standards, carcass weight, ribeye area, rib thickness, and subcutaneous fat thickness were estimated. The heritability estimates of serum vitamin A concentration were consistently and drastically decreased from 0.37 ± 0.15 to 0.07 ± 0.07 from stages 1 to 4 because of considerable decreases in sire variances, whereas the residual variances remained large and stable throughout all 4 stages. Serum total cholesterol concentration was moderately heritable (approximately 0.35 to 0.64) throughout all 4 stages. The genetic correlations among serum vitamin A concentrations and beef marbling standards were high and negative (-0.94) in stage 4. The genetic correlations between serum vitamin A concentration and carcass weight in stages 3 and 4 were moderate and positive (approximately 0.26 to 0.36). Moderate to high positive genetic correlations between serum vitamin A concentration and subcutaneous fat thickness were obtained throughout the stages (approximately 0.40 to 0.75). Genetic correlations of serum total cholesterol concentration with carcass weight and rib thickness were moderate and positive (approximately 0.29 to 0.46) in stages 2, 3, and 4. These results indicate serum vitamin A and total cholesterol concentrations could be effective physiological indicators for improving carcass traits.
从分别用于育肥的日本黑公猪和荷斯坦母猪的 F(1)杂交后代中收集了 841 头和 3219 头动物的血液样本和胴体特征数据。利用包含育肥生产 4 个阶段的 582 至 739 个记录的血清维生素 A 和总胆固醇浓度数据，根据育肥期估算了这两个性状的方差分量和遗传力：小于 13 月龄（第 1 阶段）、14 至 18 月龄（第 2 阶段）、19 至 21 月龄（第 3 阶段）和大于 22 月龄（第 4 阶段）。此外，还估算了血清维生素 A 和总胆固醇浓度与牛肉大理石花纹标准、胴体重、眼肌面积、肋骨厚度和皮下脂肪厚度的遗传相关性。由于父本方差的显著降低，血清维生素 A 浓度的遗传力估计值从第 1 阶段到第 4 阶段持续且急剧下降，从 0.37 ± 0.15 降至 0.07 ± 0.07，而剩余方差在所有 4 个阶段都保持较大且稳定。血清总胆固醇浓度在所有 4 个阶段均具有中度遗传力（约为 0.35 至 0.64）。第 4 阶段血清维生素 A 浓度与牛肉大理石花纹标准之间的遗传相关性很高且为负相关（-0.94）。第 3 阶段和第 4 阶段血清维生素 A 浓度与胴体重之间的遗传相关性为中度且为正相关（约为 0.26 至 0.36）。在所有阶段，血清维生素 A 浓度与皮下脂肪厚度之间都获得了中度至高度的正遗传相关性（约为 0.40 至 0.75）。血清总胆固醇浓度与胴体重和肋骨厚度的遗传相关性在第 2、3 和 4 阶段为中度且为正相关（约为 0.29 至 0.46）。这些结果表明，血清维生素 A 和总胆固醇浓度可能是改善胴体特征的有效生理指标。
