生理和主观唤醒对人类食物摄入量的影响。

Influence of physiological and subjective arousal on food intake in humans.

作者信息

Stroebele Nanette, de Castro John M

机构信息

University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Center for Human Nutrition, Denver, Colorado, USA.

出版信息

Nutrition. 2006 Oct;22(10):996-1004. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2006.07.003. Epub 2006 Sep 15.

DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2006.07.003

PMID:16979321

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

This study explored the influence of physiologic and subjective arousal on ambient factors of the food environment, such as the eating location, the presence of other people, sound, and time of day and on food intake. It was hypothesized that the influence of environmental stimuli on food intake would be mediated by arousal.

METHODS

College students were asked to wear heart rate monitors and to record their food intake in a 7-d diet diary. Subjective arousal (elation and excitement) and aspects of the eating environment were recorded for each meal occasion.

RESULTS

Results showed that subjective arousal seems to be related to food intake (P < 0.01) and appears to be affected by environmental stimuli such as the eating location (P < 0.01) and the number of people present (P < 0.01), but only small effects of some environmental stimuli on heart rate were found with higher average heart rates in restaurants (P < 0.05). No effects of heart rate on food intake were detected. Regression analyses failed to show arousal as a significant mediator between environmental stimuli and food intake.

CONCLUSION

It can be concluded that, for normal individuals in their everyday environment, ambient influences on food intake are not mediated by changes in arousal. However, the environment and the emotional state of the individual appear to play a role in the individual's eating behavior.

摘要

目的

本研究探讨生理和主观唤醒对食物环境的周围因素（如进食地点、他人在场情况、声音和一天中的时间）以及食物摄入量的影响。研究假设环境刺激对食物摄入量的影响将通过唤醒介导。

方法

要求大学生佩戴心率监测器，并在7天饮食日记中记录他们的食物摄入量。记录每餐的主观唤醒（兴高采烈和兴奋）以及进食环境的各个方面。

结果

结果表明，主观唤醒似乎与食物摄入量有关（P < 0.01），并且似乎受进食地点（P < 0.01）和在场人数（P < 0.01）等环境刺激的影响，但仅发现一些环境刺激对心率有较小影响，餐厅中的平均心率较高（P < 0.05）。未检测到心率对食物摄入量的影响。回归分析未能表明唤醒是环境刺激与食物摄入量之间的显著中介因素。