Stetson Daniel B, Medzhitov Ruslan
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Immunity. 2006 Sep;25(3):373-81. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2006.08.007.
Type I interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines specialized to coordinate immunity to viruses and other intracellular infections. In the past several years, many of the receptors and signaling pathways that link pathogen detection to induction of type I IFNs have been identified and characterized. An integrated picture has emerged in which type I IFNs have essential functions in several seemingly disparate processes: they restrict viral spread by engaging machinery that ultimately cripples and kills infected cells, yet they are also positively linked to the activation and expansion of lymphocytes that are important for control of intracellular infections. These advances highlight the context-specific actions of type I IFNs and clarify the multiple points at which they are integrated into both innate and adaptive immunity.
I型干扰素（IFNs）是一类专门用于协调针对病毒和其他细胞内感染的免疫反应的细胞因子。在过去几年中，许多将病原体检测与I型干扰素诱导联系起来的受体和信号通路已被识别和表征。一幅完整的图景已经浮现，其中I型干扰素在几个看似不同的过程中具有重要功能：它们通过启动最终使受感染细胞致残并杀死的机制来限制病毒传播，但它们也与对控制细胞内感染很重要的淋巴细胞的激活和扩增呈正相关。这些进展突出了I型干扰素在特定背景下的作用，并阐明了它们被整合到固有免疫和适应性免疫中的多个环节。
