Maskerine Courtney, Loeb Mark
Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2006 Summer;26(3):244-51. doi: 10.1002/chp.77.
Increased adherence to hand hygiene is widely acknowledged to be the most important way of reducing infections in health care facilities. Despite evidence of benefit, adherence to hand hygiene among health care professionals remains low. Several behavioral and organizational theories have been proposed to explain this. As a whole, the success of interventions to improve adherence to hand hygiene among health care professionals has been limited. Recent data suggest that a multifaceted intervention, including the use of feedback, education, the introduction of alcohol-based hand wash, and visual reminders, may increase adherence to hand-hygiene recommendations. Although the "active ingredient" of such an intervention is unknown, there is evidence that the use of feedback may be the key to increasing adherence. In this article, we review the theoretical basis for interventions and provide an overview of the evidence for interventions. Coherent and methodologically sound research is required to better understand the factors contributing to hand-hygiene behavior among health care professionals.
人们普遍认为，提高手部卫生依从性是减少医疗机构感染的最重要方式。尽管有证据表明其益处，但医护人员对手部卫生的依从性仍然很低。已经提出了几种行为和组织理论来解释这一现象。总体而言，提高医护人员手部卫生依从性的干预措施成效有限。最近的数据表明，包括使用反馈、教育、引入含酒精洗手液和视觉提示在内的多方面干预措施，可能会提高对手部卫生建议的依从性。尽管这种干预措施的“有效成分”尚不清楚，但有证据表明使用反馈可能是提高依从性的关键。在本文中，我们回顾了干预措施的理论基础，并概述了干预措施的证据。需要进行连贯且方法合理的研究，以更好地了解影响医护人员手部卫生行为的因素。
