Aboe P A T, Boa-Amponsem K, Okantah S A, Butler E A, Dorward P T, Bryant M J
Animal Research Institute, Achimota, Ghana.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2006 Apr;38(3):235-48. doi: 10.1007/s11250-006-4356-x.
A cross-sectional[4pc] survey investigating husbandry and productivity of free-range village chickens was carried out in four administrative districts within 60 km of Accra. Responses were provided by 101 men and 99 women. The mean (SD) household flock size was 28.7 (25.97) and the median was 20. The factors included in the final model investigating variance in flock size were sex of the respondent (p = 0.011), administrative area (p = 0.004), the numbers of members in the household (p = 0.017) and the number of cattle, sheep and goats owned by the household (p = 0.031). Chickens were owned by individual members of the household, but women and children were the predominant providers of care for chickens. All respondents described their chickens as scavengers that were provided with supplementary feed, and over 80% of respondents named maize as a supplementary food source. Approximately 50% of respondents claimed difficulty in providing supplementary feed, with the degree of difficulty varying between administrative areas (p < 0.001). A majority of respondents (approximately 65%) claimed that their chickens laid 3-4 clutches of eggs per year. Over 70% of respondents estimated that each clutch contained 10-20 eggs, and approximately 70% of respondents estimated that 75% of the eggs hatched. Opinions on mortality varied, but 60% of men and 70% of women estimated that between 50% and 75% of both chicks and adult birds died each year. Approximately 80% of respondents named Newcastle disease as the most important health issue. The opportunities for and consequences of controlling Newcastle disease are discussed.
在阿克拉60公里范围内的四个行政区开展了一项横断面调查，以研究乡村散养鸡的养殖情况和生产效率。101名男性和99名女性提供了答复。家庭鸡群规模的均值（标准差）为28.7（25.97），中位数为20。最终模型中用于研究鸡群规模差异的因素包括受访者性别（p = 0.011）、行政区（p = 0.004）、家庭人口数量（p = 0.017）以及家庭拥有的牛、羊和山羊数量（p = 0.031）。鸡由家庭中的个体成员拥有，但妇女和儿童是鸡的主要照料者。所有受访者都称他们的鸡是食腐动物，并会给它们提供补充饲料，超过80%的受访者将玉米列为补充食物来源。约50%的受访者称提供补充饲料有困难，不同行政区的困难程度有所不同（p < 0.001）。大多数受访者（约65%）称他们的鸡每年产3 - 4窝蛋。超过70%的受访者估计每窝有10 - 20枚蛋，约70%的受访者估计75%的蛋能孵化。关于死亡率的看法各不相同，但60%的男性和70%的女性估计每年雏鸡和成鸡的死亡率在50%至75%之间。约80%的受访者将新城疫列为最重要的健康问题。文中讨论了控制新城疫的机会和后果。
