Dietrich G, Orth D, Haupt W, Kretschmer V
Department of Transfusion Medicine and Coagulation Physiology, University Clinics, Marburg FRG.
Infusionstherapie. 1990 Aug;17(4):214-6. doi: 10.1159/000222483.
Various infusion solutions are used during preoperative hemodilution or for substituting intraoperative blood loss. We examined the influence of saline 0.9%, albumin 5%, dextran 6% gelatin 3.5% and hydroxyethyl starch 6% (HES, mw 40,000 and 450,000) on primary hemostasis using the In-vitro bleeding test (IVBT) on composed blood samples of different hematocrit but constant platelet concentration. All infusion solutions tested caused longer bleeding times, depending on the volume used. Saline and albumin had the strongest effect, whereas high molecular weight HES or dextran showed hardly any impairment, if used in a quantity of less than 20% of the blood volume. Autologous plasma seems to be the best substitute in hemodiluted patients, at least if more than 20% of the blood volume has to be substituted by infusion solutions.
在术前血液稀释或替代术中失血时会使用各种输液溶液。我们使用体外出血试验（IVBT），在不同血细胞比容但血小板浓度恒定的混合血液样本上，研究了0.9%生理盐水、5%白蛋白、6%右旋糖酐、3.5%明胶和6%羟乙基淀粉（HES，分子量40,000和450,000）对原发性止血的影响。所有测试的输液溶液都会导致出血时间延长，这取决于使用的体积。生理盐水和白蛋白的影响最强，而高分子量HES或右旋糖酐如果用量少于血容量的20%，则几乎没有任何损害。自体血浆似乎是血液稀释患者的最佳替代品，至少在必须用输液溶液替代超过20%血容量的情况下是如此。
