Tyler Michael D, Burnham Denis K
MARCS Auditory Laboratories, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2006 Nov;59(11):2010-31. doi: 10.1080/17470210500521828.
The aim of this paper is to provide further evidence that orthography plays a central role in phonemic awareness, by demonstrating an orthographic congruency effect in phoneme deletion. In four initial phoneme deletion experiments, adult participants produced the correct response more slowly with orthographically mismatched stimulus-response pairs (e.g., worth-earth) than with matched pairs (e.g., wage-age). This orthographic effect occurred with or without specific instructions to ignore spelling and when stimuli were presented with or without the to-be-deleted sound. In a final experiment, participants made more errors on complex than simple onset items, but there was no interaction with orthographic mismatch. The repeated observation of this robust orthographic effect suggests that participants are at least aware of orthography during phonemic awareness tasks, and it supports the view that phonemic awareness is directly subserved by orthography.
本文的目的是通过证明音素删除中的正字法一致性效应，提供进一步的证据表明正字法在音素意识中起着核心作用。在最初的四个音素删除实验中，成年参与者对正字法不匹配的刺激-反应对（如worth-earth）做出正确反应的速度比对匹配对（如wage-age）更慢。无论是否有忽略拼写的具体指示，以及刺激呈现时是否带有要删除的音，都会出现这种正字法效应。在最后一个实验中，参与者在复杂的起始项目上比简单项目犯的错误更多，但与正字法不匹配没有交互作用。对这种强大的正字法效应的反复观察表明，参与者在音素意识任务中至少意识到了正字法，并且支持了音素意识直接由正字法支持的观点。
