Paris Joel
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal.
Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2006 Sep-Oct;14(5):233-40. doi: 10.1080/10673220600968662.
In population studies, many risk factors are associated with suicide completion. Yet we cannot accurately predict whether any individual patient will die by suicide. Completers are a distinct population from attempters and do not necessarily present for treatment by mental health professionals. Research on suicide prevention has yielded some promising findings but has not shown that interventions produce definitive results. The strongest evidence for successful prevention derives from reducing access to means. A population-based strategy may be more effective than a high-risk strategy focusing on patients with suicidal ideas or attempts. Much more research is needed before developing effective suicide prevention programs.
在人口研究中，许多风险因素与自杀身亡相关。然而，我们无法准确预测任何个体患者是否会自杀死亡。自杀身亡者与自杀未遂者是不同的群体，他们不一定会寻求心理健康专业人员的治疗。自杀预防研究已经取得了一些有前景的发现，但尚未表明干预措施能产生决定性结果。成功预防的最有力证据来自于减少获取自杀手段的机会。基于人群的策略可能比专注于有自杀想法或自杀未遂患者的高风险策略更有效。在制定有效的自杀预防计划之前，还需要进行更多的研究。
