Overesch M, Rinklebe J, Broll G, Neue H-U
Department for Geo- and Agroecology, Institute of Spatial Analysis and Planning in Areas of Intensive Agriculture, University of Vechta, P.O. Box 1553, D-49364 Vechta, Germany.
Environ Pollut. 2007 Feb;145(3):800-12. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.05.016. Epub 2006 Sep 22.
Floodplain soils at the Elbe river are frequently polluted with metals and arsenic. High contents of these pollutants were detected down to subsoil layers. NH4NO3-extractable (phytoavailable) Cd, Ni, and Zn were elevated in horizons with high acidity. Among five common floodplain plant species, Artemisia vulgaris showed highest concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Hg, Alopecurus pratensis of As and Phalaris arundinacea of Ni, Pb, and Zn. Relationships were weak between metal concentrations in plants and phytoavailable stocks in soil. As and Hg uptake seems to be enhanced on long submerged soils. Enrichments of Cd and Hg are linked to a special plant community composition. Grassland herbage sampled in July/August revealed higher concentrations of As (+122%), Hg (+124%), and Pb (+3723%) than in May. To limit harmful transfers into the food chain, low-lying terraces and flood channels revealing highest contaminations or phytoavailabilities should be excluded from mowing and grazing.
易北河河漫滩土壤经常受到金属和砷的污染。在地下土层中也检测到了这些污染物的高含量。在高酸度的土层中，NH4NO3可提取（植物可利用）的镉、镍和锌含量升高。在五种常见的河漫滩植物物种中，普通蒿的镉、铜和汞浓度最高，草原看麦娘的砷浓度最高，虉草的镍、铅和锌浓度最高。植物中的金属浓度与土壤中植物可利用储量之间的关系较弱。在长期淹没的土壤上，砷和汞的吸收似乎会增强。镉和汞的富集与特殊的植物群落组成有关。7月/8月采集的草地牧草中，砷（+122%）、汞（+124%）和铅（+3723%）的浓度高于5月。为了限制有害物质向食物链的转移，应禁止在污染或植物有效性最高的低洼梯田和泄洪渠道进行割草和放牧。
