Gerritsen A A M, Devillé W, van der Linden F A H, Bramsen I, van Willigen L H M, Hovens J E J M, van der Ploeg H M
VU Medisch Centrum, afd. Medische Psychologie, Van der Boechorststraat 7, kamer D342, 1081 BT Amsterdam.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2006 Sep 9;150(36):1983-9.
To estimate the prevalence rates of mental and physical health problems and the use of healthcare services among adult asylum seekers and recognised refugees from Afghanistan, Iran and Somalia in the Netherlands.
Cross-sectional study.
Asylum seekers were approached in 14 reception centres and refugees were interviewed in 3 municipalities (Arnhem, Leiden and Zaanstad). Respondents were interviewed in their own language and asked questions pertaining to: general health, chronic complaints, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), symptoms of depression/ anxiety, the use of healthcare services (general practitioner, medical specialists, hospitalisation, mental-health services, medication) and background variables.
A total of 232 asylum seekers and 178 refugees participated (response rates of89% and 59%, respectively). Of these, 142 (61%) and 99 (56%), respectively were males and the average age was 34.4 (SD: 11.o) and 40.3 (SD: 13.3) years, respectively. Compared to refugees, asylum seekers more often considered their health to be poor (42% and 59%, respectively), had more symptoms of depression/anxiety (39% and 68%, respectively), and had more symptoms of PTSD (11% and 28%, respectively). No differences were found between refugees and asylum seekers in the self-reported use of healthcare services.
This study showed that asylum seekers have more health problems than refugees, but that there are no differences in the self-reported use of healthcare services. More research is needed to answer the question ifasylum seekers have sufficient access to the healthcare system.
评估荷兰成年阿富汗、伊朗和索马里寻求庇护者及已获认可难民的心理健康和身体健康问题患病率以及医疗服务使用情况。
横断面研究。
在14个接待中心接触寻求庇护者，并在3个市镇（阿纳姆、莱顿和赞斯塔德）对难民进行访谈。用受访者自己的语言进行访谈，并询问有关以下方面的问题：总体健康状况、慢性疾病、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状、抑郁/焦虑症状、医疗服务使用情况（全科医生、医学专家、住院治疗、心理健康服务、药物治疗）以及背景变量。
共有232名寻求庇护者和178名难民参与（回复率分别为89%和59%）。其中，男性分别为142名（61%）和99名（56%），平均年龄分别为34.4岁（标准差：11.0）和40.3岁（标准差：13.3）。与难民相比，寻求庇护者更常认为自己健康状况不佳（分别为42%和59%），有更多抑郁/焦虑症状（分别为39%和68%），以及更多PTSD症状（分别为11%和28%）。在自我报告的医疗服务使用方面，难民和寻求庇护者之间未发现差异。
本研究表明，寻求庇护者比难民有更多健康问题，但在自我报告的医疗服务使用方面没有差异。需要更多研究来回答寻求庇护者是否能充分利用医疗系统这一问题。
