Semenikhin A A, Mazaev V P, Shumatov V B, Gel'tser B I
Vestn Khir Im I I Grek. 1990 Apr;144(4):100-2.
Spinal anesthesia with 2% solution of lidocaine++ in combination with 1-1.5 mg of morphine is more effective as compared with an analogous method of anesthesia without a narcotic analgetic: it considerably increased the quality of the above mentioned analgesia at the expense of an increased blockade of nociceptive reactions and longer duration of the surgical stage of anesthesia and also results in continuous postoperative analgesia.
2%利多卡因溶液联合1 - 1.5毫克吗啡进行脊髓麻醉，与不含麻醉性镇痛药的类似麻醉方法相比更有效：它通过增强伤害性反应阻滞和延长手术麻醉阶段的持续时间，显著提高了上述镇痛质量，还能产生持续的术后镇痛效果。
