Kamphuis Carlijn B M, Giskes Katrina, de Bruijn Gert-Jan, Wendel-Vos Wanda, Brug Johannes, van Lenthe Frank J
Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Br J Nutr. 2006 Oct;96(4):620-35.
The current ecological approach in health behaviour research recognises that health behaviour needs to be understood in a broad environmental context. This has led to an exponential increase in the number of studies on this topic. It is the aim of this systematic review to summarise the existing empirical evidence pertaining to environmental influences on fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption. The environment was defined as 'all factors external to the individual'. Scientific databases and reference lists of selected papers were systematically searched for observational studies among adults (18-60 years old), published in English between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 2004, with environmental factor(s) as independent factor(s), and fruit intake, vegetable intake or FV intake combined as one outcome measure as dependent factor(s). Findings showed there was a great diversity in the environmental factors studied, but that the number of replicated studies for each determinant was limited. Most evidence was found for household income, as people with lower household incomes consistently had a lower FV consumption. Married people had higher intakes than those who were single, whereas having children showed mixed results. Good local availability (e.g. access to one's own vegetable garden, having low food insecurity) seemed to exert a positive influence on intake. Regarding the development of interventions, improved opportunities for sufficient FV consumption among low-income households are likely to lead to improved intakes. For all other environmental factors, more replicated studies are required to examine their influence on FV intake.
当前健康行为研究中的生态学方法认识到，健康行为需要在广泛的环境背景下加以理解。这导致了关于该主题的研究数量呈指数级增长。本系统综述的目的是总结有关环境对水果和蔬菜（FV）消费影响的现有实证证据。环境被定义为“个体外部的所有因素”。我们系统地检索了科学数据库和所选论文的参考文献列表，以查找1980年1月1日至2004年12月31日期间以英文发表的针对成年人（18至60岁）的观察性研究，这些研究将环境因素作为独立因素，将水果摄入量、蔬菜摄入量或FV摄入量综合作为一个结果指标作为因变量。研究结果表明，所研究的环境因素存在很大差异，但每个决定因素的重复研究数量有限。关于家庭收入的证据最多，因为家庭收入较低的人FV消费量一直较低。已婚者的摄入量高于单身者，而有孩子的情况则结果不一。良好的本地可得性（例如，有自己的菜园、粮食不安全程度低）似乎对摄入量有积极影响。关于干预措施的制定，改善低收入家庭充分消费FV的机会可能会导致摄入量的提高。对于所有其他环境因素，需要更多的重复研究来检验它们对FV摄入量的影响。
