Maskarinec Gertraud, Morimoto Yukiko, Takata Yumie, Murphy Suzanne P, Stanczyk Frank Z
Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, 1236 Lauhala Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2006 Oct;9(7):875-81. doi: 10.1017/phn2005923.
The association of alcohol and fibre intake with breast cancer may be mediated by circulating sex hormone levels, which are predictors of breast cancer risk.
To evaluate the relationship of alcohol and dietary fibre intake with circulating sex hormone levels among premenopausal women.
A total of 205 premenopausal women completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire at baseline and after 2 years; blood samples taken at the same time were analysed for circulating sex hormone concentrations, including oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2), free E2, progesterone, androstenedione and sex hormone-binding globulin, by radioimmunoassay. We used mixed models to estimate least-square means of sex hormone concentrations for alcohol intake categories and quartiles of dietary intake.
After adjustment for covariates, alcohol consumption was moderately associated with higher circulating oestrogen levels; those who consumed more than one drink per day had 20% higher E2 (Ptrend=0.07) levels than non-drinkers. In contrast, higher dietary fibre intake was associated with lower serum levels of androstenedione (-8% between the lowest and highest quartiles of intake, Ptrend=0.06), but not oestrogens. Similarly, consumption of fruits (-12%, Ptrend=0.03), vegetables (-9%, Ptrend=0.15) and whole grains (-7%, Ptrend=0.07) showed inverse associations with androstenedione levels.
The consistency of the observed differences in sex hormone levels associated with alcohol and fibre-rich foods indicates that these nutritional factors may affect sex hormone concentrations and play a role in breast cancer aetiology and prevention.
酒精和纤维摄入量与乳腺癌之间的关联可能由循环性激素水平介导，而循环性激素水平是乳腺癌风险的预测指标。
评估绝经前女性酒精和膳食纤维摄入量与循环性激素水平之间的关系。
共有205名绝经前女性在基线时和2年后完成了一份经过验证的食物频率问卷；同时采集的血样通过放射免疫分析法分析循环性激素浓度，包括雌酮（E1）、雌二醇（E2）、游离E2、孕酮、雄烯二酮和性激素结合球蛋白。我们使用混合模型来估计酒精摄入量类别和饮食摄入量四分位数的性激素浓度的最小二乘均值。
在对协变量进行调整后，饮酒与较高的循环雌激素水平呈中度相关；每天饮酒超过一杯的女性的E2水平（P趋势=0.07）比不饮酒者高20%。相比之下，较高的膳食纤维摄入量与较低的血清雄烯二酮水平相关（摄入量最低和最高四分位数之间相差-8%，P趋势=0.06），但与雌激素无关。同样，水果（-12%，P趋势=0.03）、蔬菜（-9%，P趋势=0.15）和全谷物（-7%，P趋势=0.07）的摄入量与雄烯二酮水平呈负相关。
与酒精和富含纤维食物相关的性激素水平差异的一致性表明，这些营养因素可能影响性激素浓度，并在乳腺癌的病因学和预防中发挥作用。
