Ritsner Michael S, Gibel Anatoly, Ponizovsky Alexander M, Shinkarenko Evgeny, Ratner Yael, Kurs Rena
Sha'ar Menashe Mental Health Center, Hadera, Israel.
Psychiatry Res. 2006 Nov 15;144(2-3):139-52. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2005.09.017. Epub 2006 Oct 2.
This study aimed to identify coping patterns used by schizophrenia inpatients in comparison with those used by healthy individuals, and to explore their association with selected clinical and psychosocial variables. The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) was used to assess coping strategies among 237 inpatients who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and 175 healthy individuals. Severity of psychopathology and distress, insight into illness, feelings of self-efficacy and self-esteem (self-construct variables), social support, and quality of life were also examined. Factor analysis, analysis of covariance and correlations were used to examine the relationships between the parameters of interest. Using dimensional measures, we found that emotion-oriented coping style and emotional distress were significantly higher in the schizophrenia group, whereas the task-oriented coping style, self-efficacy, perceived social support and satisfaction with quality of life were lower compared with controls. When eight CISS coping patterns were defined, the results revealed that patients used emotion coping patterns 5.5 times more frequently, and task and task-avoidance coping patterns significantly less often than healthy subjects. Coping patterns have different associations with current levels of dysphoric mood and emotional distress, self-construct variables, and satisfaction with quality of life. Thus, the identified coping patterns may be an additional useful presentation of the diversity of coping strategies used by schizophrenia patients. Coping patterns may be considered an important source of knowledge for patients who struggle with the illness and for mental health professionals who work with schizophrenia patients.
本研究旨在确定精神分裂症住院患者与健康个体所采用的应对模式，并探讨这些模式与选定的临床及心理社会变量之间的关联。使用应激情境应对量表（CISS）对237名符合DSM-IV精神分裂症标准的住院患者和175名健康个体的应对策略进行评估。同时还考察了精神病理学严重程度和痛苦程度、对疾病的洞察力、自我效能感和自尊感（自我建构变量）、社会支持以及生活质量。采用因子分析、协方差分析和相关性分析来检验相关参数之间的关系。通过维度测量，我们发现精神分裂症组的情绪导向应对方式和情绪困扰显著更高，而任务导向应对方式、自我效能感、感知到的社会支持以及生活质量满意度则低于对照组。当定义了八种CISS应对模式时，结果显示患者使用情绪应对模式的频率比健康受试者高5.5倍，而任务和任务回避应对模式的使用频率则显著更低。应对模式与当前的烦躁情绪和情绪困扰水平、自我建构变量以及生活质量满意度存在不同的关联。因此，所确定的应对模式可能是精神分裂症患者所采用应对策略多样性的又一有用呈现方式。应对模式对于与疾病作斗争的患者以及治疗精神分裂症患者的心理健康专业人员而言，可能是一个重要的知识来源。
