Prochwicz Katarzyna, Kłosowska Joanna, Dembińska Aleksandra
Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Department of Psychology, Pedagogical University, Krakow, Poland.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Apr 29;11:307. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00307. eCollection 2020.
Recent studies have provided evidence that enhanced stress level is associated with the increase of psychotic symptoms in both clinical and non-clinical populations. It has also been demonstrated that cognitive biases contribute to psychotic experiences. However, it remains unclear whether the effect of cognitive biases and perceived stress on psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) is influenced by coping methods. In the present study we examined whether the relationship linking cognitive biases with PLEs is mediated by the level of stress and whether particular coping methods modify the relationship between stress and PLEs.
The study sample consisted of 290 non-clinical subjects; study variables were assessed by questionnaires. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted.
Perceived stress was found to serve as a partial mediator in the relationship linking attention to threat (ATB) and external attribution biases (ETB) with psychotic-like experiences. Also, moderated mediation analysis revealed that the indirect effect of attention to threat bias on positive and depressive symptoms of psychotic-like experiences perceived stress was stronger at higher levels of distraction seeking coping. Moreover, the indirect effect of ATB on depressive symptoms was moderated by task-oriented coping and emotion-oriented coping. Task-oriented coping also moderated the indirect effect of ETB on depression.
The findings imply that both perceived stress and coping styles are important factors affecting the association between cognitive biases and psychotic-like experiences.
近期研究表明，在临床和非临床人群中，压力水平升高与精神病性症状的增加有关。研究还表明，认知偏差会导致精神病性体验。然而，认知偏差和感知压力对类精神病体验（PLEs）的影响是否受应对方式的影响仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们检验了认知偏差与PLEs之间的关系是否由压力水平介导，以及特定的应对方式是否会改变压力与PLEs之间的关系。
研究样本包括290名非临床受试者；研究变量通过问卷进行评估。进行了调节中介分析。
发现感知压力在将对威胁的注意力（ATB）和外部归因偏差（ETB）与类精神病体验联系起来的关系中起部分中介作用。此外，调节中介分析显示，在寻求分心应对水平较高时，对威胁偏差对类精神病体验的阳性和抑郁症状的间接影响通过感知压力更强。此外，ATB对抑郁症状的间接影响受到任务导向应对和情绪导向应对的调节。任务导向应对也调节了ETB对抑郁的间接影响。
研究结果表明，感知压力和应对方式都是影响认知偏差与类精神病体验之间关联的重要因素。
