Galán Ana I, Palacios Encarna, Ruiz Francisco, Díez Arancha, Arji Mohamed, Almar Mar, Moreno Carlos, Calvo José I, Muñoz María E, Delgado Marco A, Jiménez Rafael
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, and School of Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Biofactors. 2006;27(1-4):167-83. doi: 10.1002/biof.5520270115.
Free radicals and oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and cancer. Exercise is a useful strategy for preventing CVD but in elderly persons it can enhance oxidative stress, which is why some studies recommend antioxidant supplementation for exercising elderly subjects. This intervention study was performed on 320 elderly subjects following a Geriatric Revitalization Program (GEREPRO) to maintain physical health and reduce CVD risk. GEREPRO was based on regular exercise concurrent with a nutritional antioxidant treatment based on daily intake of a functional antioxidant food, Biofrutas. Sustained exercise (10 months, 3 sessions/week) significantly increased cardiorespiratory fitness and plasma HDL-cholesterol; it reduced some predictors of cardiovascular risk (arterial pressure, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol/LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C), but significantly enhanced some biomarkers of oxidative stress. Concurrent antioxidant supplementation did not produce any ergogenic effects but, meaningfully, enhanced some positive effects of exercise on physical health and the CDV risk index, and it totally prevented the exercise-induced oxidative stress. Our results show that regular and moderate exercise improves cardiorespiratory function and reduces CVD risk in elderly people, while concurrent antioxidant supplementation modulates oxidative insult during exercise in the elderly and enhances the beneficial effects of exercise.
自由基和氧化应激参与心血管疾病（CVD）、糖尿病和癌症的发病机制。运动是预防心血管疾病的有效策略，但对老年人而言，运动可能会增强氧化应激，这就是为什么一些研究建议对进行运动的老年受试者补充抗氧化剂。这项干预性研究对320名老年受试者开展，他们参加了旨在维持身体健康和降低心血管疾病风险的老年振兴计划（GEREPRO）。GEREPRO基于定期运动并同时进行营养抗氧化治疗，后者基于每日摄入功能性抗氧化食品Biofrutas。持续运动（10个月，每周3次）显著提高了心肺功能和血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平；降低了一些心血管疾病风险预测指标（动脉压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇/低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇），但显著增强了一些氧化应激生物标志物。同时补充抗氧化剂未产生任何促力效应，但有意义的是，增强了运动对身体健康和心血管疾病风险指数的一些积极影响，并且完全预防了运动诱导的氧化应激。我们的研究结果表明，规律且适度的运动可改善老年人的心肺功能并降低心血管疾病风险，而同时补充抗氧化剂可调节老年人运动期间的氧化损伤并增强运动的有益效果。
