Thomas Kamala S, Bardwell Wayne A, Ancoli-Israel Sonia, Dimsdale Joel E
Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University and University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Health Psychol. 2006 Sep;25(5):635-42. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.25.5.635.
Most work on ethnicity tends to focus on daytime health rather than how aspects of ethnicity affect nighttime functioning. The current study examined how discrimination and ethnic identity relate to sleep architecture and fatigue in 37 African Americans and 56 Caucasian Americans. The authors conducted sleep monitoring with standard polysomnography. African Americans had less slow-wave sleep and reported more physical fatigue than did Caucasian Americans (ps < .05). The authors conducted path analyses to examine relationships between ethnic identity, perceived discrimination, sleep, and fatigue. Perceived discrimination mediated ethnic differences in Stage 4 sleep and physical fatigue. Individuals who reported experiencing more discrimination had less Stage 4 sleep and reported experiencing greater physical fatigue (ps < .05). Although ethnic identity did not mediate ethnic differences in sleep latency, there was a significant relationship between ethnic identity and sleep latency, indicating that individuals who felt more connected to their ethnic group had more difficulty falling asleep while in the hospital (p < .05). These observations suggest that the effects of stress related to one's ethnic group membership carry over into sleep.
大多数关于种族的研究往往侧重于日间健康，而非种族因素如何影响夜间机能。当前这项研究调查了37名非裔美国人和56名高加索裔美国人中，歧视与种族认同如何与睡眠结构及疲劳相关。作者采用标准多导睡眠图进行睡眠监测。非裔美国人的慢波睡眠较少，且报告的身体疲劳程度高于高加索裔美国人（p值<0.05）。作者进行了路径分析，以检验种族认同、感知到的歧视、睡眠和疲劳之间的关系。感知到的歧视在第4阶段睡眠和身体疲劳的种族差异中起中介作用。报告经历更多歧视的个体第4阶段睡眠更少，且报告的身体疲劳程度更高（p值<0.05）。虽然种族认同并未在睡眠潜伏期的种族差异中起中介作用，但种族认同与睡眠潜伏期之间存在显著关系，表明在医院中，感觉与自己种族群体联系更紧密的个体入睡更困难（p<0.05）。这些观察结果表明，与一个人的种族群体成员身份相关的压力影响会延续到睡眠中。
