Imai N, Gekko K
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan.
Biophys Chem. 1991 Oct;41(1):31-40. doi: 10.1016/0301-4622(91)87207-l.
A theoretical expression for the electroviscous effect in polyelectrolyte solutions, caused by the distortion of counterion-distribution and counterion flow around a polyion under a velocity gradient of solvent flow, was obtained to elucidate the characteristic behaviour of the viscosity of highly charged polyelectrolyte solutions observed at low salt concentration. The derivation of the theory was performed on the basis of the Navier-Stokes-Onsager equation, Poisson equation, and diffusion equations for low molecular ions by the use of a cell model (free-volume model) for a polyion. Energy dissipation was obtained without directly solving these equations. It was found that the derived expression of viscosity explained the experimental results satisfactorily, and that the streaming potential effect caused by the counterion flow played an essential role in the increase in viscosity of polyelectrolyte solutions at finite polymer concentration and low salt concentration ranges.
为阐明在低盐浓度下观察到的高电荷聚电解质溶液的粘度特性行为，我们得到了一个关于聚电解质溶液中电粘效应的理论表达式，该效应是由溶剂流速度梯度下聚离子周围反离子分布和反离子流的畸变引起的。该理论推导基于纳维 - 斯托克斯 - 昂萨格方程、泊松方程以及低分子离子的扩散方程，通过使用聚离子的单元模型（自由体积模型）来进行。在未直接求解这些方程的情况下获得了能量耗散。结果发现，推导出的粘度表达式能令人满意地解释实验结果，并且在有限聚合物浓度和低盐浓度范围内，由反离子流引起的流动电势效应在聚电解质溶液粘度增加中起着至关重要的作用。
