Pearlman Bob
New Technology Foundation, USA.
New Dir Youth Dev. 2006 Summer(110):101-12, 16-7. doi: 10.1002/yd.170.
The most pertinent question concerning teaching and learning in the twenty-first century is not what knowledge and skills students need--that laundry list was identified over a decade ago--but rather how to foster twenty-first century learning. What curricula, experiences, assessments, environments, and technology best support twenty-first century learning? New Technology High School (NTHS) in Napa, California, is one example of a successful twenty-first century school. In this chapter, the author describes the components of this exemplary high school, illustrating an environment that will cultivate twenty-first century student learning. New Technology High School began by defining eight learning outcomes, aligned with the standards of the Partnership for 21st Century Skills; to graduate, students demonstrate mastery of these outcomes through an online portfolio. To help students achieve the outcomes, NTHS employs project- and problem-based learning. Whereas in traditional classrooms students work alone on short-term assignments that do not lend themselves to deep understanding, the project-based learning approach has students working in teams on long-term, in-depth, rigorous projects. Students' work is supported by the school's workplace-like environment and effectiv use of technology. Meaningful assessment is essential to project-based learning; students receive continuous feedback, helping them become self-directed learners. In fact, NTHS uses outcome-based grading through which students constantly know how they are performing on the twenty-first century outcomes. Research has shown that NTHS graduates are better prepared for postsecondary education, careers, and citizenship than their peers from other schools. To facilitate twenty-first century learning, all schools need to rethink their approach to teaching and learning. New Technology High School is one way to do so.
关于21世纪教与学的最相关问题,并非学生需要哪些知识和技能——这个清单早在十多年前就已确定——而是如何培养21世纪的学习能力。什么样的课程、经历、评估、环境和技术最能支持21世纪的学习?加利福尼亚州纳帕的新技术高中(NTHS)就是一所成功的21世纪学校的典范。在本章中,作者描述了这所模范高中的组成部分,展示了一个能够培养21世纪学生学习能力的环境。新技术高中首先明确了八项学习成果,这些成果与21世纪技能合作组织的标准相一致;学生毕业时,需通过在线作品集证明自己掌握了这些成果。为帮助学生实现这些成果,NTHS采用基于项目和问题的学习方法。在传统课堂上,学生独自完成短期作业,难以深入理解,而基于项目的学习方法让学生以团队形式开展长期、深入、严谨的项目。学校类似工作场所的环境和对技术的有效运用为学生的学习提供支持。有意义的评估对于基于项目的学习至关重要;学生能得到持续反馈,这有助于他们成为自主学习者。事实上,NTHS采用基于成果的评分方式,通过这种方式学生能随时了解自己在21世纪各项成果方面的表现。研究表明,与其他学校的同龄人相比,新技术高中的毕业生在接受高等教育、开启职业生涯和成为公民方面准备得更充分。为促进21世纪的学习,所有学校都需要重新思考其教学方法。新技术高中就是实现这一目标的一种方式。