Harley Earl H
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20008, USA.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2006 Sep;98(9):1425-9.
There are currently four medical schools dedicated primarily to training African-American physicians. Two of these schools were established in the last 40 years. For a generation prior to that, only Howard University College of Medicine and Meharry Medical College existed. Forgotten is the history of black medical schools established in the 19th and early 20th centuries, most of which are now defunct. While barriers to the medical education of African Americans in majority institutions have largely disappeared, the continued education of students at our four present-day black medical schools is again threatened. It is incumbent upon us not to allow these modern-day threats to destroy an important resource and legacy in the annals of African-American people. This paper explores medical education in the 19th and 20th centuries, the creation of black medical schools and the forces that lead to the demise of many of these institutions. In recalling this history, we acknowledge the almost-impossible odds faced by these pioneers and learn from their mistakes and failures.
目前有四所主要致力于培养非裔美国医生的医学院。其中两所学校是在过去40年里建立的。在此之前的一代人时间里，只有霍华德大学医学院和梅哈里医学院。19世纪和20世纪初建立的黑人医学院的历史被遗忘了，其中大多数现在已经不复存在。虽然在多数机构中，非裔美国人接受医学教育的障碍在很大程度上已经消失，但我们现在的四所黑人医学院的学生继续教育再次受到威胁。我们有责任不让这些现代威胁摧毁非裔美国人历史上的一项重要资源和遗产。本文探讨了19世纪和20世纪的医学教育、黑人医学院的创建以及导致这些机构中许多机构消亡的力量。在回顾这段历史时，我们承认这些先驱者面临的几乎不可能的困难，并从他们的错误和失败中吸取教训。
