Horio Tetsuya
Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
J Plant Res. 2007 Jan;120(1):53-60. doi: 10.1007/s10265-006-0043-2. Epub 2006 Oct 5.
Polarized cell growth is observed ubiquitously in all living organisms. Tip growth of filamentous fungi serves as a typical model for polar growth. It is well known that the actin cytoskeleton plays a central role in cellular growth. In contrast, the role of microtubules in polar growth of fungal tip cells has not been critically addressed. Our recent study, using a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled tubulin-expressing strain of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans and treatment with an anti-microtubule reagent, revealed that microtubules are essential for rapid hyphal growth. Our results indicated that microtubule organization contributes to continuous tip growth throughout the cell cycle, which in turn enables the maintenance of an appropriate mass of cytoplasm for the multinucleate system. In filamentous fungi, the microtubule is an essential component of the tip growth machinery that enables continuous and rapid growth. Recent research developments are starting to elucidate the components of the tip growth machinery and their functions in many organisms. This recent knowledge, in turn, is starting to enhance the importance of fungal systems as simple model systems to understand the polar growth of cells.
在所有生物体中都普遍观察到极化细胞生长。丝状真菌的顶端生长是极性生长的典型模型。众所周知，肌动蛋白细胞骨架在细胞生长中起核心作用。相比之下，微管在真菌顶端细胞极性生长中的作用尚未得到关键研究。我们最近的研究使用了绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）标记的丝状真菌构巢曲霉微管蛋白表达菌株，并使用抗微管试剂进行处理，结果表明微管对于菌丝的快速生长至关重要。我们的结果表明，微管组织在整个细胞周期中有助于持续的顶端生长，这反过来又能够为多核系统维持适当的细胞质质量。在丝状真菌中，微管是顶端生长机制的重要组成部分，能够实现持续快速生长。最近的研究进展开始阐明许多生物体中顶端生长机制的组成部分及其功能。反过来，这些最新知识开始提升真菌系统作为理解细胞极性生长的简单模型系统的重要性。
