Kochukhova Olga, Gredebäck Gustaf
Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, 751 42 Uppsala, Sweden.
Cognition. 2007 Oct;105(1):26-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.08.005. Epub 2006 Oct 5.
We examined 6-month-olds abilities to represent occluded objects, using a corneal-reflection eye-tracking technique. Experiment 1 compared infants' ability to extrapolate the current pre-occlusion trajectory with their ability to base predictions on recent experiences of novel object motions. In the first condition infants performed at asymptote ( approximately 2/3 accurate predictions) from the first occlusion passage. In the second condition all infants initially failed to make accurate prediction. Performance, however, reached asymptote after two occlusion passages. This is the first study that demonstrates such rapid learning effects during an occlusion task. Experiment 2 replicates these effects and demonstrates a robust memory effect extending 24h. In occlusion tasks such long-term memory effects have previously only been observed in 14-month-olds (Moore & Meltzoff, 2004).
我们使用角膜反射眼动追踪技术研究了6个月大婴儿表征被遮挡物体的能力。实验1比较了婴儿外推当前遮挡前轨迹的能力与基于新物体运动近期经验进行预测的能力。在第一种情况下，婴儿从第一次遮挡通过时就达到了渐近线水平（约2/3的准确预测）。在第二种情况下，所有婴儿最初都未能做出准确预测。然而，在经过两次遮挡通过后，表现达到了渐近线水平。这是第一项证明在遮挡任务中存在这种快速学习效应的研究。实验2重复了这些效应，并证明了长达24小时的强大记忆效应。在遮挡任务中，这种长期记忆效应以前只在14个月大的婴儿中观察到（Moore & Meltzoff，2004）。
