吸烟状况对生产力损失的影响。
Effect of smoking status on productivity loss.
作者信息
Bunn William B, Stave Gregg M, Downs Kristen E, Alvir Jose Maria J, Dirani Riad
机构信息
Preventive Medicine, Northwestern School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Warrenville, Illinois 60555, USA.
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2006 Oct;48(10):1099-108. doi: 10.1097/01.jom.0000243406.08419.74.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to describe health-related productivity losses in nonsmokers, former smokers, and current smokers using a large, cross-sectional database of U.S. employees.
METHODS
Volunteers completed the Wellness Inventory, an instrument measuring productivity losses related to 11 health conditions affecting employee health. Results are aggregated, dollarized, and reported by smoking group.
RESULTS
Current smokers missed more days of work and experienced more unproductive time at work compared with former smokers and nonsmokers. The average annual cost for lost productivity for nonsmokers was 2623 dollars/year compared with 3246 dollars/year for former smokers and 4430 dollars/year for current smokers. More than half the costs were due to unproductive time at work.
CONCLUSION
Current smokers incurred the highest productivity losses, which translated into higher costs to employers for current smokers. Costs were lower for former smokers and nonsmokers.
目的
本研究的目的是利用一个大型的美国员工横断面数据库，描述不吸烟者、曾经吸烟者和当前吸烟者与健康相关的生产力损失情况。
方法
志愿者完成了健康状况调查问卷，这是一种测量与影响员工健康的11种健康状况相关的生产力损失的工具。结果按吸烟组进行汇总、货币化并报告。
结果
与曾经吸烟者和不吸烟者相比，当前吸烟者缺勤天数更多，工作时的非生产性时间也更多。不吸烟者每年生产力损失的平均成本为2623美元/年，曾经吸烟者为3246美元/年，当前吸烟者为4430美元/年。超过一半的成本是由于工作时的非生产性时间造成的。
结论
当前吸烟者的生产力损失最高，这给雇主带来了更高的成本。曾经吸烟者和不吸烟者的成本较低。
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