Employers Health Coalition, Inc (Dr Sherman), Canton, USA.
J Occup Environ Med. 2013 Aug;55(8):879-84. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31829f3129.
To quantify and compare employee health- and productivity-related costs for current smokers versus nonsmokers for a large US employer.
Multivariate regression models were used to compare medical, pharmacy, workers' compensation, and short-term disability costs, self-reported absenteeism, and presenteeism by smoking status. Costs were aggregated over 3 years, from 2008 to 2010.
Controlling for demographic variables, smokers had significantly different health care utilization patterns, as well as higher absenteeism and presenteeism costs. Overall, employees who smoke were estimated to cost employers $900 to $1383 more than their nonsmoking counterparts.
Current smokers experience incrementally greater lost productivity than nonsmokers, contributing to employer costs associated with smoking. Increased employer focus on smoking cessation may help mitigate these organizational costs.
量化并比较美国一大型雇主的在职吸烟者和非吸烟者的健康和生产力相关成本。
采用多元回归模型比较吸烟状况对医疗、药房、工人赔偿和短期残疾成本、自我报告的旷工率和出勤率的影响。成本总计 3 年，即 2008 年至 2010 年。
控制人口统计学变量后，吸烟者的医疗保健利用模式明显不同，旷工和出勤率成本也更高。总体而言，与不吸烟者相比，吸烟员工预计给雇主带来的成本要高出 900 至 1383 美元。
当前吸烟者比不吸烟者经历更大的生产力损失，这导致与吸烟相关的雇主成本增加。雇主更加关注戒烟可能有助于减轻这些组织成本。
