Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Chenega Enterprise Systems and Solutions, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Prev Med. 2022 Oct;63(4):478-485. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.04.032. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
Information on morbidity-related productivity losses attributable to cigarette smoking, an important component of the economic burden of cigarette smoking, is limited. This study fills this gap by estimating these costs in the U.S. and by state.
A human capital approach was used to estimate the cost of the morbidity-related productivity losses (absenteeism, presenteeism, household productivity, and inability to work) attributable to cigarette smoking among adults aged ≥18 years in the U.S. and by state. A combination of data, including the 2014-2018 National Health Interview Survey, 2018 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement, 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018 value of daily housework, and literature-based estimate of lost productivity while at work (presenteeism), was used. Costs were estimated for 2018, and all analyses were conducted in 2021.
Estimated total cost of morbidity-related productivity losses attributable to cigarette smoking in the U.S. in 2018 was $184.9 billion. Absenteeism, presenteeism, home productivity, and the inability to work accounted for $9.4 billion, $46.8 billion, $12.8 billion, and $116.0 billion, respectively. State-level total costs ranged from $291 million to $16.9 billion with a median cost of $2.7 billion.
The cost of morbidity-related productivity losses attributable to cigarette smoking in the U.S. and in each state was substantial in 2018 and varied across the states. These estimates can guide public health policymakers and practitioners planning and evaluating interventions designed to alleviate the burden of cigarette smoking at the state and national levels.
与吸烟有关的发病率导致的生产力损失信息是吸烟经济负担的一个重要组成部分，但目前对此类信息的了解有限。本研究通过估计美国和各州的这些成本来填补这一空白。
采用人力资本法估计 18 岁及以上美国成年人因吸烟导致的发病率相关生产力损失（旷工、在职病假、家庭生产力和无法工作）的成本，并按州进行了估计。使用了包括 2014-2018 年全国健康访谈调查、2018 年当前人口调查年度社会经济补充调查、2018 年行为风险因素监测系统、2018 年每日家务劳动价值以及基于文献的工作时生产力损失（在职病假）估计在内的多种数据。2018 年估计了成本，所有分析均于 2021 年进行。
2018 年美国因吸烟导致的发病率相关生产力损失的总估计成本为 1849 亿美元。旷工、在职病假、家庭生产力和无法工作分别占 94 亿美元、468 亿美元、128 亿美元和 1160 亿美元。各州的总成本从 2910 万美元到 169 亿美元不等，中位数为 27 亿美元。
2018 年美国和各州因吸烟导致的发病率相关生产力损失的成本巨大且各州之间存在差异。这些估计可以为州和国家各级的公共卫生政策制定者和从业人员规划和评估旨在减轻吸烟负担的干预措施提供指导。
