Rivara Frederick P, Nathens Avery B, Jurkovich Gregory J, Maier Ronald V
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA.
J Trauma. 2006 Oct;61(4):949-53. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000219936.72483.6a.
Concern has been raised about the capacity of trauma centers to absorb large numbers of additional patients from mass casualty events. Our objective was to examine the capacity of current centers to handle an increased load from a mass casualty disaster.
This was a cross-sectional study of Level I and II trauma centers. They were contacted by mail and asked to respond to questions about their surge capacity as of July 4, 2005.
Data were obtained from 133 centers. On July 4, 2005 there were a median of 77 beds available in Level I and 84 in Level II trauma centers. Fifteen percent of the Level I and 12.2% of the Level II centers had a census at 95% capacity or greater. In the first 6 hours, each Level I center would be able to operate on 38 patients, while each Level II center would be able to operate on 22 patients. Based on available data, there are 10 trauma centers available to an average American within 60 minutes. Given the available bed capacity, a total of 812 beds would be available within a 60-minute transport distance in a mass casualty event.
There is capacity to care for the number of serious non-fatally injured patients resulting from the types of mass casualties recently experienced. If there is a further continued shift of uninsured patients to and fiscally driven closure of trauma centers, the surge capacity could be severely compromised.
人们对创伤中心接收大量来自大规模伤亡事件的额外患者的能力表示担忧。我们的目标是检查当前中心处理大规模伤亡灾难增加负荷的能力。
这是一项对一级和二级创伤中心的横断面研究。通过邮件联系这些中心，并要求它们回答有关截至2005年7月4日其应急能力的问题。
从133个中心获得了数据。2005年7月4日，一级创伤中心的可用病床中位数为77张，二级创伤中心为84张。15%的一级中心和12.2%的二级中心的普查人数达到或超过95%的容量。在最初的6小时内，每个一级中心能够为38名患者进行手术，而每个二级中心能够为22名患者进行手术。根据现有数据，平均每个美国人在60分钟内可到达10个创伤中心。鉴于可用病床容量，在大规模伤亡事件中，60分钟运输距离内总共将有812张病床可用。
有能力护理近期经历的大规模伤亡类型导致的严重非致命伤患者数量。如果无保险患者进一步持续转向创伤中心，且因财政原因导致创伤中心关闭，应急能力可能会受到严重影响。
