Kuriki Kiyonori, Wakai Kenji, Hirose Kaoru, Matsuo Keitaro, Ito Hidemi, Suzuki Takeshi, Saito Toshiko, Kanemitsu Yukihide, Hirai Takashi, Kato Tomoyuki, Tatematsu Masae, Tajima Kazuo
Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Oct;15(10):1791-8. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0180.
Consumption of fish rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid, is suggested to reduce colorectal cancer risk through inhibition of the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade related to tumorigenesis and cell proliferation. High intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) may increase the risk. To examine associations between colorectal cancer risk and fatty acid compositions in erythrocyte membranes, as biomarkers for dietary intakes of fish, fat, and fatty acids, we conducted a case-control study with 74 incident cases and 221 noncancer controls (matched by age, sex, and season of sample collection). Erythrocyte fatty acids were measured using an accelerated solvent extraction and a gas-liquid chromatography. Colorectal cancer had no association with dietary intakes of meat, fish, fat, and fatty acids. However, the risk was inversely associated with erythrocyte compositions of docosahexaenoic acid, AA, and PUFAs [the highest to the lowest tertile, odds ratios, 0.36, 0.42, and 0.15; 95% confidence intervals, 0.14-0.93, 0.18-0.95, and 0.05-0.46; P(trend) < 0.05, respectively] and positively with those of palmitic acid, SFAs, and the ratio of SFAs/PUFAs (odds ratios, 6.46, 8.20, and 9.45; 95% confidence intervals, 2.41-17.26, 2.86-23.52, and 2.84-31.43; P(trend) < 0.005, respectively). In conclusion, we could clearly show decreased and increased risks for colorectal cancer related to PUFAs and SFAs compositions in erythrocyte membranes, respectively, but further research is needed to investigate the discrepancy between our findings and the generally accepted role of the AA cascade.
建议食用富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的鱼类，如二十二碳六烯酸，通过抑制与肿瘤发生和细胞增殖相关的花生四烯酸（AA）级联反应来降低结直肠癌风险。高饱和脂肪酸（SFA）摄入量可能会增加风险。为了研究结直肠癌风险与红细胞膜脂肪酸组成之间的关联，红细胞膜脂肪酸组成作为鱼类、脂肪和脂肪酸膳食摄入量的生物标志物，我们进行了一项病例对照研究，纳入74例新发病例和221例非癌症对照（按年龄、性别和样本采集季节匹配）。使用加速溶剂萃取和气液色谱法测量红细胞脂肪酸。结直肠癌与肉类、鱼类、脂肪和脂肪酸的膳食摄入量无关。然而，风险与红细胞二十二碳六烯酸、AA和PUFA的组成呈负相关[从最高到最低三分位数，比值比分别为0.36、0.42和0.15；95%置信区间分别为0.14 - 0.93、0.18 - 0.95和0.05 - 0.46；P（趋势）<0.05]，与棕榈酸、SFA以及SFA/PUFA比值呈正相关（比值比分别为6.46、8.20和9.
