Sano Tetsuya
Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Kousei-nenkin Hospital.
Nihon Rinsho. 2006 Oct;64(10):1916-20.
The true incidence of influenza myocarditis in the general population is unknown, because of the variable clinical presentation and the absence of a established noninvasive diagnostic test that can confirm the diagnosis. Influenza is, however, one of the frequently implicated viruses caused myocarditis as well as Coxsackie B, adenovirus, echovirus and cytomegalovirus. The clinical manifestations of viral myocarditis vary greatly from asymptomatic electrocardiographic changes to fulminant heart failure with fatal arrhythmias. We should recognize that subtle cardiac symptoms and signs in many subclinical cases may be overshadowed by systemic manifestations of the underlying influenza infection. Although specific therapy consisted of anti-viral agents, intravenous gamma-globulin treatment or mechanical ventricular supports may be available for influenza myocarditis, it has not been established that the myocarditic process itself will be favorably affected.
由于临床表现多样且缺乏能够确诊的成熟无创诊断检测方法，普通人群中流感性心肌炎的真实发病率尚不清楚。然而，流感是引起心肌炎的常见病毒之一，其他还有柯萨奇B病毒、腺病毒、埃可病毒和巨细胞病毒。病毒性心肌炎的临床表现差异很大，从无症状的心电图改变到伴有致命性心律失常的暴发性心力衰竭。我们应该认识到，在许多亚临床病例中，潜在流感感染的全身表现可能会掩盖细微的心脏症状和体征。虽然针对流感性心肌炎可能有抗病毒药物、静脉注射丙种球蛋白治疗或机械性心室支持等特异性治疗方法，但尚未证实这些方法能对心肌炎病程产生有利影响。
